Moderate drinking? Alcohol consumption significantly decreases neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
Moderate drinking? Alcohol consumption significantly decreases neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.08.018
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发表时间：
2012-11-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Shors TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson ML;Nokia MS;Govindaraju KP;Shors TJ
适量饮酒通常被认为是一种健康意识行为，与改善心血管和大脑健康有关。然而，“适度”饮酒量包括每天喝3-4杯酒精饮料，这更接近于狂饮，可能弊大于利。在这里，我们研究了每天饮用中高度酒精如何改变成年海马体中新神经元的产生。雄性和雌性成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠可自由进食补充有4%乙醇或麦芽糖糊精的液体替代饮食，持续两周。用5-溴-2-脱氧尿苷（BrdU）标记海马细胞，并在饮酒的最后一天后评估海马中BrdU阳性细胞的数量。一组大鼠也暴露于运动技能或联想学习任务，以检查酒精消耗的功能影响。饮酒制度导致平均血液酒精浓度约为0.08%，这与许多国家的人类法律的驾驶限制相当。这种程度的醉酒并没有损害运动技能学习或功能，在饮酒后两天，饮酒也没有破坏联想学习。因此，适度饮酒不会破坏基本的感觉、运动或学习过程。然而，海马齿状回产生的细胞数量减少了近40%。因此，即使是在相对较短的时间内适度饮酒，也会对成年人大脑的结构可塑性产生深远的影响。
Drinking alcohol in moderation is often considered a health-conscious behavior, associated with improved cardiovascular and brain health. However, “moderate” amounts of alcohol include drinking 3-4 alcohol beverages in a day, which is closer to binge drinking and may do more harm than good. Here we examined how daily drinking of moderate-high alcohol alters the production of new neurons in the adult hippocampus. Male and female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were provided free access to a liquid replacement diet that was supplemented with either 4 % ethanol or Maltodextrin for a period of two weeks. Proliferating cells were labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and the number of BrdU-positive cells in the hippocampus was assessed after the final day of drinking. A subset of rats was also exposed to a motor skill or associative learning task to examine the functional effects of alcohol consumption. The drinking regime resulted in an average blood alcohol concentration of approximately 0.08 %, which is comparable to the human legal driving limit in many countries. This level of intoxication did not impair motor skill learning or function in either sex, nor did the alcohol consumption disrupt associative learning two days after drinking. Therefore, moderate alcohol consumption did not disrupt basic sensory, motor or learning processes. However, the number of cells produced in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was reduced by nearly 40 %. Thus, even moderate consumption of alcohol for a relatively short period of time can have profound effects on structural plasticity in the adult brain.