Neurochemical mechanisms and neurocircuitry underlying the contribution of stress to cocaine seeking.

Neurochemical mechanisms and neurocircuitry underlying the contribution of stress to cocaine seeking.
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神经化学机制和神经回路潜在的贡献的压力可卡因寻求。

DOI:
10.1111/jnc.15340
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发表时间:
2021-06
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Mantsch JR
Mantsch JR
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Caccamise A;Van Newenhizen E;Mantsch JR

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在有物质使用障碍的个体中,压力是复发易感性的关键决定因素。在某些情况下,压力直接引发可卡因的使用。在其他情况下,压力源与其他刺激相互作用,促进药物寻求,从而为复发奠定了基础。在这里,我们回顾机制和神经回路介导应激触发和增强可卡因寻求。应激源通过激活源自外侧被盖的去甲肾上腺素能投射来触发可卡因寻求,该投射支配终纹床核,产生β肾上腺素能受体依赖性调节神经元,将促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)释放到腹侧被盖区(VTA)。CRF促进支配边缘前额皮质的VTA多巴胺神经元的激活,导致D1受体依赖的通向伏隔核的通路的兴奋,从而介导可卡因的寻求。压力的舞台设置效应需要糖皮质激素,它在中皮质边缘系统的几个部位发挥快速的非规范效应。在伏隔核中,皮质酮通过有机阳离子转运体3减弱多巴胺清除,从而促进多巴胺信号传导。在前边缘皮层,皮质酮调动内源性大麻素,2-花生四烯醇甘油(2-AG),产生CB1受体依赖性的抑制传递减少,从而增加神经元的兴奋性,这些神经元包括负责可卡因寻找的输出通路。影响压力在可卡因寻求中的作用的因素,包括药物使用史、生理性别、慢性压力/共病压力相关疾病、青春期、社会变量和遗传学。更好地了解压力何时以及如何促成寻求药物应该指导制定更有效的干预措施,特别是对那些使用药物与压力有关的人。
In individuals with substance use disorders, stress is a critical determinant of relapse susceptibility. In some cases, stressors directly trigger cocaine use. In others, stressors interact with other stimuli to promote drug seeking, thereby setting the stage for relapse. Here we review the mechanisms and neurocircuity that mediate stress-triggered and -potentiated cocaine seeking. Stressors trigger cocaine seeking by activating noradrenergic projections originating in the lateral tegmentum that innervate the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis to produce beta adrenergic receptor-dependent regulation of neurons that release corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA). CRF promotes the activation of VTA dopamine neurons that innervate the prelimbic prefrontal cortex resulting in D1 receptor-dependent excitation of a pathway to the nucleus accumbens core that mediates cocaine seeking. The stage-setting effects of stress require glucocorticoids, which exert rapid non-canonical effects at several sites within the mesocorticolimbic system. In the nucleus accumbens, corticosterone attenuates dopamine clearance via the organic cation transporter 3 to promote dopamine signaling. In the prelimbic cortex, corticosterone mobilizes the endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), which produces CB1 receptor-dependent reductions in inhibitory transmission, thereby increasing excitability of neurons which comprise output pathways responsible for cocaine seeking. Factors that influence the role of stress in cocaine seeking, including prior history of drug use, biological sex, chronic stress/co-morbid stress-related disorders, adolescence, social variables, and genetics are discussed. Better understanding when and how stress contributes to drug seeking should guide the development of more effective interventions, particularly for those whose drug use is stress related.
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