Exploration of cultivable fungal communities in deep coal-bearing sediments from ∼1.3 to 2.5 km below the ocean floor
Exploration of cultivable fungal communities in deep coal-bearing sediments from ∼1.3 to 2.5 km below the ocean floor
复制标题
海底以下 1.3 至 2.5 公里深层含煤沉积物中可培养真菌群落的探索
DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.13653
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Inagaki, Fumio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Chang-Hong;Huang, Xin;Inagaki, Fumio
尽管已知海底沉积物中含有大量微生物细胞，但真菌种群的分布、多样性和起源在很大程度上仍未被探索。在这项研究中，我们从日本岛下半岛(水深1118米)海底(MBsf)以下1289米至2457米深度的47个与煤有关的深层沉积物样本中的34个样本中培养真菌。在严格污染控制下，共分离到69株真菌，其中子囊菌61株(14属23种)，担子菌门8株(4属4种)。在子囊真菌中，青霉属和曲霉属是最占优势的属，其次是枝孢属、哈米格菌属、毛霉属、真球藻属、顶盖菌属、奥氏菌属、念珠菌属、欧盟菌属、外生孢子属、黑孢子菌属、Bionectria属和假尾孢霉属。共鉴定出担子菌门4种，分别为裂殖酵母属、担子菌属、担子菌属和白蚁菌属。在这些菌株中，从2457MBsf的褐煤砂岩地层中分离到球状枝孢霉和Sydowii曲霉近缘菌株。我们的结果表明，这些可培养的真菌种群是本土的，起源于过去的陆源环境，这些环境可能以孢子的形式存在了大约2000万年的沉积历史。
Although subseafloor sediments are known to harbour a vast number of microbial cells, the distribution, diversity, and origins of fungal populations remain largely unexplored. In this study, we cultivated fungi from 34 of 47 deep coal-associated sediment samples collected at depths ranging from 1289 to 2457 m below the seafloor (mbsf) off the Shimokita Peninsula, Japan (1118 m water depth). We obtained a total of 69 fungal isolates under strict contamination controls, representing 61 Ascomycota (14 genera, 23 species) and 8 Basidiomycota (4 genera, 4 species). Penicillium and Aspergillus relatives were the most dominant genera within the Ascomycetes, followed by the members of genera Cladosporium, Hamigera, Chaetomium, Eutypella, Acremonium, Aureobasidium, Candida, Eurotium, Exophiala, Nigrospora, Bionectria and Pseudocercosporella. Four Basidiomycota species were identified as genera Schizophyllum, Irpex, Bjerkandera and Termitomyces. Among these isolates, Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Aspergillus sydowii relatives were isolated from a thin lignite coal-sandstone formation at 2457 mbsf. Our results indicate that these cultivable fungal populations are indigenous, originating from past terrigenous environments, which have persisted, possibly as spores, through similar to 20 million years of depositional history.