Violence and Social Orders
Violence and Social Orders
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暴力与社会秩序
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. North
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. North
所有社会都必须应对暴力的可能性，它们以不同的方式做到这一点。这本书将暴力问题纳入了一个更大的社会科学和历史框架，展示了经济行为和政治行为是如何紧密联系在一起的。大多数社会，我们称之为自然国家，通过政治操纵经济来限制暴力，以创造特权利益。这些特权限制了有权势的个人使用暴力，但这样做既阻碍了经济发展，也阻碍了政治发展。相比之下，现代社会创造了进入经济和政治组织的开放渠道，促进了政治和经济竞争。这本书为理解这两种类型的社会秩序提供了一个框架，为什么开放获取社会在政治和经济上都更发达，以及大约25个国家如何在这两种类型之间过渡。
All societies must deal with the possibility of violence, and they do so in different ways. This book integrates the problem of violence into a larger social science and historical framework, showing how economic and political behavior are closely linked. Most societies, which we call natural states, limit violence by political manipulation of the economy to create privileged interests. These privileges limit the use of violence by powerful individuals, but doing so hinders both economic and political development. In contrast, modern societies create open access to economic and political organizations, fostering political and economic competition. The book provides a framework for understanding the two types of social orders, why open access societies are both politically and economically more developed, and how some 25 countries have made the transition between the two types.