Translating biosynthetic gene clusters into fungal armor and weaponry.
Translating biosynthetic gene clusters into fungal armor and weaponry.
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DOI：
10.1038/nchembio.1897
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
14.8
通讯作者：
Keller NP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keller NP
丝状真菌以产生一系列不同的次生代谢物(SM)而闻名，其中合成SM所需的遗传物质通常排列在生物合成基因簇(BGC)中。这些天然产物的生物活性源于它们在真菌生物学中的功能，这是保护它们免受非生物和生物胁迫并建立安全生态位的关键。产生的真菌不仅必须避免内源短信息的自我伤害，而且还必须在正确的时间将特定的短信息传递到需要生化辅助的正确组织。这篇综述重点介绍了BGC的功能，超越了SM的酶组装，考虑了SM产生的时间和位置以及控制SM活性的簇中的其他蛋白质。具体地说，自我保护是由BGC编码的机制和非BGC亚细胞包容有毒的SM前体提供的；传递和时机是通过细胞运输模式和应激和发育响应转录程序来协调的。
Filamentous fungi are renowned for the production of a diverse array of secondary metabolites (SMs) where the genetic material required for synthesis of a SM is typically arrayed in a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC). These natural products are valued for their bioactive properties stemming from their functions in fungal biology, key among those protection from abiotic and biotic stress and establishment of a secure niche. The producing fungus must not only avoid self-harm from endogenous SMs but also deliver specific SMs at the right time to the right tissue requiring biochemical aid. This review highlights functions of BGCs beyond the enzymatic assembly of SMs, considering the timing and location of SM production and other proteins in the clusters that control SM activity. Specifically, self-protection is provided by both BGC-encoded mechanisms and non-BGC subcellular containment of toxic SM precursors; delivery and timing is orchestrated through cellular trafficking patterns and stress- and developmental-responsive transcriptional programs.