Why is combinatorial communication rare in the natural world, and why is language an exception to this trend?

Why is combinatorial communication rare in the natural world, and why is language an exception to this trend?
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为什么组合交流在自然界中很少见,为什么语言是这一趋势的例外?

DOI:
10.1098/rsif.2013.0520
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Scott-Phillips TC
Scott-Phillips TC
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Scott-Phillips TC

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在组合通信系统中,一些信号由其他信号的组合组成。这样的系统比等价的非组合系统更有效,尽管如此,它们在自然界中是罕见的。为什么?为什么?以前的解释都集中在组合通信的适应性限制,或其所谓的认知困难,但这些都不能解释组合通信在自然世界中的全部分布。在这里,我们提出了一个非线性动力学模型的组合通信的出现,与以前的模型不同,考虑如何最初的非通信行为演变为采取的通信功能。我们推导出组合通信出现的三个基本原则。因此,我们表明,信号和响应的相互依赖性的地方组合信号可能出现的历史路径上的重大限制,在某种程度上,任何其他的组合通信的最简单的形式是极不可能的。我们还认为,这些限制可以绕过,如果个人有社会认知能力,从事明示的沟通。人类,但可能没有其他物种,有这种能力。这也许可以解释为什么语言,这是大规模组合,是这样一个极端的例外,自然界的一般趋势,非组合通信。
In a combinatorial communication system, some signals consist of the combinations of other signals. Such systems are more efficient than equivalent, non-combinatorial systems, yet despite this they are rare in nature. Why? Previous explanations have focused on the adaptive limits of combinatorial communication, or on its purported cognitive difficulties, but neither of these explains the full distribution of combinatorial communication in the natural world. Here, we present a nonlinear dynamical model of the emergence of combinatorial communication that, unlike previous models, considers how initially non-communicative behaviour evolves to take on a communicative function. We derive three basic principles about the emergence of combinatorial communication. We hence show that the interdependence of signals and responses places significant constraints on the historical pathways by which combinatorial signals might emerge, to the extent that anything other than the most simple form of combinatorial communication is extremely unlikely. We also argue that these constraints can be bypassed if individuals have the socio-cognitive capacity to engage in ostensive communication. Humans, but probably no other species, have this ability. This may explain why language, which is massively combinatorial, is such an extreme exception to nature's general trend for non-combinatorial communication.
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