The real type and ideal type of transdisciplinary processes: part I—theoretical foundations
The real type and ideal type of transdisciplinary processes: part I—theoretical foundations
复制标题
跨学科过程的真实类型和理想类型：第一部分——理论基础
DOI：
10.1007/s11625-015-0326-4
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Gerald Steiner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Scholz;Gerald Steiner
摘要
Abstract
Transdisciplinarity integrates or relates different epistemics from science and practice (Mode 2 transdisciplinarity) or from branches of disciplines if interdisciplinary integration is impossible (Mode 1 transdisciplinarity). The paper explains, based on an analysis of the historical development of the Mode 2 transdisciplinarity concept, how transdisciplinary processes link interdisciplinary applied research and multi-stakeholder discourses by facilitating methods. We elaborate on what type of problems may be managed using what knowledge, how this might be accomplished, what types of objectives are desired, and by what organizational means. Thus the paper presents ontology, epistemology, methodology, functionality, and organization of an ideal type of transdisciplinary process. Socially robust orientations are the expected outcomes of this process. These orientations provide science-based, state-of-the-art, socially accepted options of solutions which acknowledge uncertainties and the incompleteness of different forms of epistemics (i.e., of knowing or thought), in particular within the sustainable transitioning of complex real-world problems.
影响因子：
6
作者：
Lang, Daniel J.;Wiek, Arnim;Thomas, Christopher J.
通讯作者：
Thomas, Christopher J.