Charge density wave conduction: A novel collective transport phenomenon in solids
Charge density wave conduction: A novel collective transport phenomenon in solids
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DOI：
10.1016/0370-1573(85)90073-0
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发表时间：
1985-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Grüner;A. Zettl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Grüner;A. Zettl
In the vast majority of solids, the electrical properties are dominated by single particle processes. The consequences of single particle transport, such as Ohm’s law, frequency independent conductivity (at frequencies smaller than single particle energies), Wiedemann—Franz law, etc., are well documented for metals, semiconductors, and insulators. A notable exception to single particle transport is superconductivity, where current is carried by a condensate which arises as a consequence of electron—phonon interactions. The superconducting condensate, characterized by a complex order parameter, displays electrodynamic properties fundamentally different from those of ordinary metals or semiconductors. This review summarizes recent experimental observations and theories concerning a new type of collective transport phenomenon, carried also by a collective mode which arises from electron—phonon interactions. The ground state is an electron—hole condensate which is again described by a complex order parameter.It was suggested more than thirty years ago [1.1] that a one dimensional metal is unstable toward the formation of a periodic lattice distortion (PLD) associated with a spatially periodic modulation of the electronic charge density, the latter called a charge density wave (CDW). The wavevector Q of the CDW is related to the Fermi wavevector kF by Q= 2kF, and consequently the formation of a CDW opens up a gap at the Fermi level, lowering the kinetic energy of the conduction electrons. The argument is due to Peierls, and phase transitions which lead to the development of a CDW ground state are called Peierls transitions [1.1].
