Thermogalvanic cells: A side-by-side comparison of measurement methods
Thermogalvanic cells: A side-by-side comparison of measurement methods
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114280
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Aldous, Leigh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buckingham, Mark A.;Aldous, Leigh
热原电池（或热电池）由于其使用氧化还原化学将适度的温度梯度直接转化为电能的能力而受到越来越多的研究。然而，这导致了各种各样的电池、电解质、温度梯度等被报道。最近，已经报道了所谓的温差“归一化”功率输出;功率输出除以温差的平方以产生温度不敏感的功率输出值。这个过程的有效性是定量评估这里，发现是远远不准确的。此外，在文献中可以找到许多不同的实验程序，用于测量热电池的电流和功率输出，涵盖不同的方法，截然不同的时间尺度，并采用各种各样的测量仪器。一系列的实验方法，包括一系列的恒定电阻（或电阻负载），一系列的恒定电流，一系列的恒定电位（或电压），计时安培和线性扫描伏安法（ISV）进行了评估，在这项研究中，使用源测量单元，恒电位仪和伏安/万用表。虽然大多数方法是一致的，但发现测量时间和电极数量具有高度影响力，ISV和3电极组件尤其高估了热电池的电流和功率输出。
Thermogalvanic cells (or thermocells) are being increasingly investigated due to their ability to directly convert modest temperature gradients into electricity, using redox chemistry. However, this has resulted in a diverse range of cells, electrolytes, temperature gradients, etc. being reported. Recently, so-called temperature-difference 'normalised' power outputs have been reported; the power output is divided by the square of the temperature difference to yield temperature-insensitive power output values. The validity of this procedure is quantitatively assessed here, and found to be far from accurate. Additionally, numerous different experimental procedures for measuring the current and power output from thermocells can be found in the literature, covering different approaches, vastly different time scales, and employing a diverse range of measuring instruments. A range of experimental methodologies covering a sequence of constant resistances (or resistive loads), a sequence of constant currents, a sequence of constant potentials (or voltage), chronoampemmeby and linear sweep voltammetry (ISV) were evaluated in this study, using source measure units, potentiostats and voltammeters/multimeters. While most methodologies were consistent, the measurement time and number of electrodes were found to be highly influential, with ISV and 3-electrode assemblies especially overestimating the current and power output from thermocells.