The challenges of independence: ontogeny of at-sea behaviour in a long-lived seabird
The challenges of independence: ontogeny of at-sea behaviour in a long-lived seabird
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独立的挑战：长寿海鸟海上行为的个体发育
DOI：
10.1101/2021.10.23.465439
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Barbraud
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Delord;H. Weimerskirch;C. Barbraud
向独立觅食的过渡代表了大多数脊椎动物生命周期中的一个重要发育阶段。幼仔在各种生活史特征上不同于成年人，并且在大多数长寿动物中，幼仔的生存状况往往不如成年人。已经提出了几种假设来解释较高的死亡率，包括与成年人相比，觅食技能不足/较差，年轻的天真个体缺乏经验和身体不成熟。因此，在通过不成熟阶段的学习期间，预期会发生行为上的变化，从而提高从不断增长的经验中获得的技能。由于难以获得几年的个体跟踪数据，很少有研究调查长时间觅食行为的个体发生，特别是长寿的远洋海鸟。我们调查的觅食行为，通过活动模式，在三个生命阶段的濒危阿姆斯特丹信天翁通过使用小型化的活动记录天真的少年，未成年人和成年人。天真的青少年在离开殖民地后的第一个月在海上表现出较低的觅食努力（更大比例的时间花在坐在水上，更长和更多的水上回合，更短和更少的飞行回合）。独立后的青少年活动参数的模式表明，在第一个两个月后，羽翼丰满的觅食性能的逐步变化。我们发现性别差异的活动参数根据时间，因为离开殖民地和一年中的月份，符合重要的性在阿姆斯特丹信天翁的二型性。无论考虑的生命阶段，活动参数表现出时间的变化，反映了觅食行为的调制。这种变异性讨论的外在（即环境条件，如在食物资源或风的变化）和内在（即精力充沛的需求与换羽过程中的羽毛更新）的因素。
The transition to independent foraging represents an important developmental stage in the life cycle of most vertebrate animals. Juveniles differ from adults in various life history traits and tend to survive less well than adults in most long-lived animals. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain higher mortality including that of inadequate/inferior foraging skills compared to adults, young naïve individuals combining lack of experience and physical immaturity. Thus a change in behaviour, resulting in an improvement of skills acquired from growing experience, is expected to occur during a period of learning through the immaturity phase. Very few studies have investigated the ontogeny of foraging behaviour over long periods of time, particularly in long-lived pelagic seabirds, due to the difficulty of obtaining individual tracking data over several years. We investigated the foraging behaviour, through activity patterns, during the three life stages of the endangered Amsterdam albatross by using miniaturized activity loggers on naïve juveniles, immatures and adults. Naïve juveniles during their first month at sea after leaving their colony exhibited lower foraging effort (greater proportion of time spent sitting on water, longer and more numerous bouts on water, shorter and fewer flying bouts). Patterns of activity parameters in juveniles after independence suggested a progressive change of foraging performances during the first two months after fledging. We found sex differences in activity parameters according to time since departure from the colony and month of the year, consistent with the important sexual dimorphism in the Amsterdam albatross. Regardless of life stage considered, activity parameters exhibited temporal variability reflecting the modulation of foraging behaviour. This variability is discussed in light of both extrinsic (i.e. environmental conditions such as variability in food resources or in wind) and intrinsic (i.e. energetic demands linked to plumage renew during moult) factors.
北部塘鹅桑属的性别特异性觅食行为：发生率和影响
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Stauss C
通讯作者：
Stauss C
未成熟海鸟的群体间运动、海上行为和觅食：GPS-PPT 跟踪、无线电跟踪和稳定同位素分析的结果
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Votier S
通讯作者：
Votier S