Structural Modeling of Chromatin Integrates Genome Features and Reveals Chromosome Folding Principle.
Structural Modeling of Chromatin Integrates Genome Features and Reveals Chromosome Folding Principle.
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染色质结构建模整合基因组特征并揭示染色体折叠原理
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-02923-6
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发表时间：
2017-06-06
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gao YQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xie WJ;Meng L;Liu S;Zhang L;Cai X;Gao YQ
染色体如何折叠成 3D 结构以及基因组功能如何受到其空间组织的影响甚至控制仍然是具有挑战性的问题。 Hi-C实验为染色体提供了重要的结构见解，这里使用Hi-C数据构建了3D染色质结构，其特征是两个空间隔离的染色质区室A和B。通过将大量基因组特征映射到构建的3D染色质模型上，我们生动地展示了基因组特性与染色质空间组织之间的密切联系。我们能够将整个染色质解剖成两种类型的染色质结构域，它们具有明显不同的 Hi-C 接触模式以及不同大小的染色质环。这两种染色质类型可以分别视为染色质区室A和B的基本单位，并且也作为两个染色质区室在空间上彼此隔离。因此，染色质环根据其大小在空间中分离，表明染色质区室化以及染色体定位中的排除体积或熵效应。总而言之，这些结果为染色体的折叠原理、其空间组织以及 3D 空间中许多基因组特征的聚类结果提供了线索。
How chromosomes fold into 3D structures and how genome functions are affected or even controlled by their spatial organization remain challenging questions. Hi-C experiment has provided important structural insights for chromosome, and Hi-C data are used here to construct the 3D chromatin structure which are characterized by two spatially segregated chromatin compartments A and B. By mapping a plethora of genome features onto the constructed 3D chromatin model, we show vividly the close connection between genome properties and the spatial organization of chromatin. We are able to dissect the whole chromatin into two types of chromatin domains which have clearly different Hi-C contact patterns as well as different sizes of chromatin loops. The two chromatin types can be respectively regarded as the basic units of chromatin compartments A and B, and also spatially segregate from each other as the two chromatin compartments. Therefore, the chromatin loops segregate in the space according to their sizes, suggesting the excluded volume or entropic effect in chromatin compartmentalization as well as chromosome positioning. Taken together, these results provide clues to the folding principles of chromosomes, their spatial organization, and the resulted clustering of many genome features in the 3D space.