Review of Cold Cathode Research at the Air Force Research Laboratory
Review of Cold Cathode Research at the Air Force Research Laboratory
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DOI：
10.1109/tps.2008.926227
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发表时间：
2008-06
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
D. Shiffler;M. Haworth;K. Cartwright;R. Umstattd;M. Ruebush;S. Heidger;M. Lacour;K. Golby;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Shiffler;M. Haworth;K. Cartwright;R. Umstattd;M. Ruebush;S. Heidger;M. Lacour;K. Golby;
在过去的十年中，空军研究实验室定向能局（AFRL/DE）一直致力于高电流密度场发射阴极研究计划。该计划探索了阴极材料的各个方面，以及阴极几何形状和发射物理的细节。本文总结了迄今为止正在进行的研究工作的结果。我们回顾了该计划的历史和动机，提供了对各种真空电子源所关注的物理问题的见解。该计划的一个重要方面是研究新的阴极材料。对于许多高功率微波源来说，中性放气对源的有效工作起着关键作用，而中性放气与阴极材料的关系至关重要。这些材料特性影响等离子体的形成，这反过来又决定了HPM设备的操作。对于阴极材料，AFRL选择专注于碘化铯涂层碳纤维阴极，我们在这里详细讨论。该计划的第二个重要方面包括了解发射物理和阴极的最佳几何形状。这方面与电子束质量密切相关，而电子束质量又影响着HPM结构中电子束与微波的相互作用。本文最后讨论了阴极材料在磁绝缘传输线振荡器和相对论磁控管上的实现。
Over the last decade, the Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate (AFRL/DE) has engaged in a high current density field emission cathode research program. This program explored the aspects of cathode materials as well as the details of cathode geometries and emission physics. This paper summarizes the results of this ongoing research effort to date. We review the history and motivation for the program, which provide insight into the physics issues of concern for various vacuum electronic sources. One important aspect of the program consists of the investigation of new cathode materials. For many high power microwave (HPM) sources, neutral out-gassing, which ties critically with cathode materials, plays a key role in the effective operation of the source. These material properties influence plasma formation, which in turn dictates the operation of an HPM device. For a cathode material, AFRL chose to focus on cesium-iodide-coated carbon fiber cathodes, which we discuss in detail here. A second important aspect of the program consists of understanding emission physics and the optimum geometries for a cathode. This aspect couples closely with electron beam quality, which in turns effects the electron beam interaction with microwaves in the HPM structure. This paper concludes with a discussion of the implementation of the cathode material on both a Magnetically Insulated transmission Line Oscillator and a relativistic magnetron.