Keel bone fractures are associated with individual mobility of laying hens in an aviary system
Keel bone fractures are associated with individual mobility of laying hens in an aviary system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applanim.2019.05.007
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Toscano, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rufener, Christina;Abreu, Yandy;Toscano, Michael J.
在实验条件下，蛋鸡的龙骨骨折（KBF）已被证明会导致疼痛和活动能力受损。然而，目前尚不清楚KBF与禽舍系统中饲养的个体母鸡的流动性有何关系。对于当前研究，将120只焦点母鸡（60只Lohmann Brown（LB）和60只Lohmann Select Leghorn（LSL））饲养在6个配备有商业相关禽舍系统的相同围栏中（每个围栏分别为20只LSL焦点母鸡+205 LB或20只LB焦点母鸡+205 LSL）。在21、24、27、31、35、39、44、48、52、57和61周龄时记录母鸡活动性数据。红外线接收器被连接到焦点母鸡的腿。他们记录了五个区域（窝，下层，巢箱，顶层和冬季花园）之间的区域特定代码，频率为1 Hz，每周连续六天。在每个数据收集期结束时，对母鸡进行X射线照相以评估龙骨骨折的严重程度。使用（广义）线性混合效应模型分析数据。随着KBF严重程度的增加，LB母鸡在顶层（p = 0.005）花费更多的时间，在窝区（p < 0.0001）和下层（p = 0.001）花费更少的时间。与KBF无关，随着年龄的增加，LB母鸡在冬季花园（p = 0.011）和下层（p = 0.002）中花费的时间较少，而在上层（p = 0.009）中花费的时间较多。在一个运动中穿越一个以上区域的可能性（例如，从顶层直接跳到窝）随着KBF严重程度的增加而增加（p = 0.036）。罗曼来航精选雌鸽大部分时间都在巢箱区和顶层，很少有区域间的转换。随着年龄的增长，LSL母鸡花在巢箱区的时间更少（p = 0.018），更多的时间在顶层（p = 0.006）。无论品系如何，随着年龄的增加，母鸡穿过的区域较少（LB：p = 0.009，LSL：p = 0.002）。我们的研究结果表明，具有KBF优先路径的母鸡在上层（即，大部分在嵌套框区域和顶层之间）在中间和较低层之间的路径上（即，在窝、下层和巢箱区之间）。我们的结论是，行为适应疼痛，资源的可及性以及社会因素可能是重要的机制，推动个人的流动性，以应对KBF。
Keel bone fractures (KBF) in laying hens have been shown to cause pain and impair mobility under experimental conditions. However, it is not known how KBF relates to the mobility of individual hens housed in aviary systems. For the current study, 120 focal hens (60 Lohmann Brown (LB) and 60 Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL)) were kept in six identical pens equipped with a commercially relevant aviary system (20 LSL focal hens + 205 LB or 20 LB focal hens + 205 LSL per pen, respectively). Data on hen mobility were recorded at 21, 24, 27, 31, 35, 39, 44, 48, 52, 57 and 61 weeks of age. Infrared receivers were attached to the legs of focal hens. They recorded zone-specific codes between five zones (litter, lower tier, nest boxes, top tier, and wintergarden) at a frequency of 1 Hz for six consecutive days per week of age. At the end of each data collection period, hens were radiographed to assess keel bone fracture severity. Data were analysed using (generalized) linear mixed effect models. With increasing KBF severity, LB hens spent more time in the top tier (p = 0.005) and less time in the litter zone (p < 0.0001) and in the lower tier (p = 0.001). Independent of KBF, LB hens spent less time in the wintergarden (p = 0.011) and in the lower tier (p = 0.002) and more time in the top tier (p = 0.009) with increasing age. The likelihood of crossing more than one zone within a movement (e.g., jumping from the top tier to the litter directly) increased with increasing KBF severity (p = 0.036). Lohmann Selected Leghorn hens spent most time in the nest box zone and top tier and had few transitions between zones. With increasing age, LSL hens spent less time in the nest box zone (p = 0.018) and more time in the top tier (p = 0.006). Irrespective of strain, hens crossed fewer zones with increasing age (LB: p = 0.009, LSL: p = 0.002). Our findings indicate that hens having KBF prioritized paths among the upper tiers (i.e., mostly between nest box zone and top tier) over paths among the mid and lower tiers (i.e., between litter, lower tier and nest box zone). We conclude that behavioural adaptation to pain, the accessibility of resources as well as social factors might be important mechanisms driving individual mobility in response to KBF.