Human paleodiet and animal utilization strategies during the Bronze Age in northwest Yunnan Province, southwest China.
Human paleodiet and animal utilization strategies during the Bronze Age in northwest Yunnan Province, southwest China.
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云南省西北部青铜时代人类古饮食和动物利用策略
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0177867
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dong G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ren L;Li X;Kang L;Brunson K;Liu H;Dong W;Li H;Min R;Liu X;Dong G
重建古代饮食和使用动植物增强了我们对人类如何适应不同环境的理解。位于西南部的云南省中国是一个生态环境多样化的省份。在新石器时代和青铜时代，这一地区被各种具有不同生存制度和物质文化的地方文化群体占据。本文对云南西北部石岭港青铜时代遗址(约2500Cal BP)的人类和动物遗骸进行了碳(δ13C)和氮(δ15N)同位素比值的测定，以重建人类的古饮食结构和动物开发策略。对石陵港人体样本的δ13C结果表明，人们的饮食主要是C3类食物，这可能是由于直接消费C3食物和食用动物的C3饲料所致。还可以检测到辅助的C4食物信号。较高的δ15N值表明肉类是饮食中的重要组成部分。对动物样本的分析表明，人们主要用人类食物垃圾喂养猪和狗，而绵羊/山羊和牛则用其他食物来源喂养。我们将石岭港的稳定同位素和考古植物学数据与云南其他青铜时代遗址的数据进行比较，以探索生存策略的潜在区域差异。我们的研究表明，青铜时代云南不同地区的人们采取了不同的动物利用和生存策略，可能是为了适应该地区高度多样化和与世隔绝的环境。
Reconstructing ancient diets and the use of animals and plants augment our understanding of how humans adapted to different environments. Yunnan Province in southwest China is ecologically and environmentally diverse. During the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods, this region was occupied by a variety of local culture groups with diverse subsistence systems and material culture. In this paper, we obtained carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic ratios from human and faunal remains in order to reconstruct human paleodiets and strategies for animal exploitation at the Bronze Age site of Shilinggang (ca. 2500 Cal BP) in northwest Yunnan Province. The δ13C results for human samples from Shilinggang demonstrate that people’s diets were mainly dominated by C3-based foodstuffs, probably due to both direct consumption of C3 food and as a result of C3 foddering of consumed animals. Auxiliary C4 food signals can also be detected. High δ15N values indicate that meat was an important component of the diet. Analysis of faunal samples indicates that people primarily fed pigs and dogs with human food waste, while sheep/goats and cattle were foddered with other food sources. We compare stable isotope and archaeobotanical data from Shilinggang with data from other Bronze Age sites in Yunnan to explore potential regional variation in subsistence strategies. Our work suggests that people adopted different animal utilization and subsistence strategies in different parts of Yunnan during the Bronze Age period, probably as local adaptations to the highly diversified and isolated environments in the region.