TEMPORAL PATTERNS IN REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN THE ENDANGERED ROSEATE TERN (STERNA DOUGALLII) NESTING ON LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK, AND BIRD ISLAND, MASSACHUSETTS
TEMPORAL PATTERNS IN REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN THE ENDANGERED ROSEATE TERN (STERNA DOUGALLII) NESTING ON LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK, AND BIRD ISLAND, MASSACHUSETTS
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纽约长岛和马萨诸塞州伯德岛筑巢的濒危玫瑰燕鸥 (STERNA DOUGALLII) 繁殖成功的时间模式
DOI：
10.2307/4088941
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Gochfeld
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Burger;I. Nisbet;C. Safina;M. Gochfeld
玫瑰燕鸥（Sterna dougallii）在美国东北部的少数殖民地筑巢，种群被列为濒危物种。我们比较了1987年至1990年长岛雪松滩和1980年、1987年至1990年马萨诸塞州伯德岛的繁殖成功率，以检验年度和季节差异。繁殖燕鸥的产蛋率在产蛋期的前6天最高，随后下降。在这个季节里，窝卵数量、孵化成功率和生产力显著下降，并且在不同年份和不同蚁群地点之间有一些变化。6月22日以后筑巢的企鹅几乎没有幼鸟。小群体（雪松滩）的繁殖成功模式比大群体更不规则。繁殖成功率与成虫年龄有关；雏鸟（2到3岁）的蛋数较低，繁殖成功率较低，并且比老鸟下蛋晚。蜂群的有效繁殖种群主要包括在早期和高峰期繁殖的鸟类；因此，仅从早期或高峰巢监测繁殖成功率高估了总体繁殖成功率。在这个物种中，选择反对更早的繁殖可能是由于季节早期食物资源较少，而早期巢穴的捕食率较高。1994年4月20日收到，1994年7月2日接受。
Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) nest in few colonies in the northeastern United States, and the population is listed as endangered. We compare reproductive success from 1987 through 1990 at Cedar Beach, Long Island, and in 1980 and 1987 through 1990 at Bird Island, Massachusetts, to examine yearly and seasonal differences. Productivity was highest for terns breeding in the first six days of the egg-laying period and decreased thereafter. Clutch size, hatching success, and productivity declined significantly during the season, with some variations in pattern among years and between colony sites. Pairs initiating nests after 22 June fledged almost no young. Patterns of reproductive success were more irregular at the smaller colony (Cedar Beach) than the larger colony. Reproductive success was related to age of adults; young birds (two to three years old) had lower clutch sizes, had lower reproductive success, and laid later than older birds. The effective reproductive population of the colony included primarily birds that bred in the early and peak periods; thus, moni- toring reproductive success only from early or peak nests overestimates overall reproductive success. Selection against even earlier breeding in this species may be due to lower food resources early in the season and higher predation rates on early nests. Received 20 April 1994, accepted 2 July 1994.