Early Developmental Changes in Sleep in Infants: The Impact of Maternal Depression
Early Developmental Changes in Sleep in Infants: The Impact of Maternal Depression
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/32.5.693
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Marcus, Sheila
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armitage, Roseanne;Flynn, Heather;Marcus, Sheila
目的：本研究评估抑郁症母亲所生的婴儿与非抑郁症母亲所生的婴儿相比，是否在生命的前6个月睡眠受到更多的干扰。设计：从产后2周开始连续记录7天，此后每月一次，直至6月龄。母亲们完成了每天的睡眠/清醒日记。以下是产后2周和6个月的睡眠数据。设置：家庭环境。参与者：18名健康的足月婴儿，9男9女。其中7名婴儿的母亲没有个人或家族抑郁症病史；11名婴儿的母亲被诊断患有抑郁症或抑郁症症状加重。干预措施:N / A。测量和结果：计算每个24小时时段夜间和白天睡眠的总睡眠时间、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率、睡眠发作次数和持续时间。对风险组的数据进行编码（1 =低风险，2 =高风险），重复测量的多变量方差分析对比了风险组在第2周和第24周的睡眠测量变化。与低风险婴儿相比，高风险婴儿需要更长的时间才能入睡，睡眠效率更低，夜间睡眠次数更多。这些效果持续到产后6个月。结论：母亲抑郁与产后2周婴儿明显的睡眠障碍有关，并持续到24周。婴儿时期的睡眠障碍是否会增加儿童时期患早发性抑郁症的风险，目前还有待确定。
Objectives: This study evaluated whether sleep over the first 6 months of life was more disturbed in infants born to mothers who were depressed compared with infants from nondepressed mothers.Design: Actigraphy was recorded for 7 consecutive days starting at 2 weeks postpartum and monthly thereafter until 6 months of age. Mothers completed daily sleep/wake diaries. Sleep data at 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum are presented here.Setting: The home environment.Participants: Eighteen healthy, full-term infants, 9 males and 9 females. Seven infants were born to women with no personal or family history of depression; 11 infants were born to women diagnosed with depression or with elevated levels of depression symptoms.Interventions: N/A.Measurements and Results: Total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and number and duration of sleep episodes were computed for nocturnal and daytime sleep in each 24-hour block. Data were coded for risk group (1 = low risk, 2 = high risk), and repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance contrasted changes in sleep measures at Week 2 and Week 24, between risk groups. The high-risk infants took longer to fall asleep, had lower sleep efficiencies, and had more sleep bouts in the nocturnal sleep period than did low-risk infants. These effects persisted at 6 months postpartum.Conclusions: Maternal depression is associated with significant sleep disturbance in infancy at 2 weeks postpartum that continues through 24 weeks. It remains to be determined if sleep disturbance in infancy confers a greater risk of developing early-onset depression in childhood.