Physical and Psychological Factors Associated with Poor Self-Reported Health Status in Older Adults with Falls
Physical and Psychological Factors Associated with Poor Self-Reported Health Status in Older Adults with Falls
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17103548
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kim, Moonho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim, Jiyeon;Byun, Mikyong;Kim, Moonho
背景：以前的研究已经提出了各种体格检查来筛查老年人跌倒的风险。然而，老年人可能有身体或认知障碍，使测试变得困难。这项研究描述了自评健康状况良好和不良的成年人在个体、身体和心理因素上的差异。此外，我们通过控制个体变量来确定与自我评估健康相关的生理或心理因素。方法：利用《2017年韩国老年人全国调查》对1577名65岁及以上有跌倒病史的成年人的数据进行分析。使用利克特的5点问题将自我报告的健康状况分为良好和不良：“差”(非常差和很差)和“好”(一般、好和非常好)。结果：在自测健康状况较差的人群中，视力/听力障碍、ADL/IADL受限、营养不良和抑郁的发生率较高。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，听力损害(OR：1.51，95%CI 1.12~2.03)、ADL受限(OR：1.77，95%CI 1.11~2.81)、IADL受限(OR：2.27，95%CI 1.68~3.06)、营养不良(OR：1.36，95%CI 1.05~1.77)、抑郁(OR 3.77，95%CI 2.81~5.06)与自述健康不良显著相关。结论：听力障碍、ADL/IADL限制、营养不良和抑郁与较差的自我报告健康显著相关。对于不能进行体检的老年人来说，自我评估健康状况可能是一种替代工具。
Background: Previous studies have proposed various physical tests for screening fall risk in older adults. However, older adults may have physical or cognitive impairments that make testing difficult. This study describes the differences in individual, physical, and psychological factors between adults in good and poor self-rated health statuses. Further, we identified the physical or psychological factors associated with self-rated health by controlling for individual variables. Methods: Data from a total of 1577 adults aged 65 years or over with a history of falls were analyzed, using the 2017 National Survey of Older Persons in South Korea. Self-reported health status was dichotomized as good versus poor using the 5-point Likert question: "poor" (very poor and poor) and "good" (fair, good, and very good). Results: Visual/hearing impairments, ADL/IADL restriction, poor nutrition, and depression were more frequently observed in the group with poor self-rated health. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that poor self-reported health was significantly associated with hearing impairments (OR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.12-2.03), ADL limitation (OR: 1.77, 95% CI 1.11-2.81), IADL limitation (OR: 2.27, 95% CI 1.68-3.06), poor nutrition (OR: 1.36, 95% CI 1.05-1.77), and depression (OR 3.77, 95% CI 2.81-5.06). Conclusions: Auditory impairment, ADL/IADL limitations, poor nutrition, and depression were significantly associated with poor self-reported health. A self-rated health assessment could be an alternative tool for older adults who are not able to perform physical tests.