Schema induction in problem solving: a multidimensional analysis.
Schema induction in problem solving: a multidimensional analysis.
复制标题
问题解决中的模式归纳：多维分析。
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.30.3.583
复制
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mo,Lei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen,Zhe;Mo,Lei
本研究考察了问题解决中图式的形成过程。在4个实验中，参与者在尝试解决同构目标问题之前经历了一系列类似于AS Luchins（1942）的水罐问题的任务。并列说明源实例不同的程序功能沿着多个维度促进了建设的一般模式，有利于解决同构问题，需要一个新的程序。暴露于较少的变异问题导致更快的初始学习，但更窄和固定的图式（心理定势），而暴露于变异程序导致更慢的初始学习，但更广泛和更灵活的图式。研究结果支持维度特异性假设：沿沿着1维的概括有助于转移到一个目标问题，在该维度的源问题不同。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
The present research examined the processes of schema formation in problem solving. In 4 experiments, participants experienced a series of tasks analogous to AS Luchins'(1942) water jar problems before attempting to solve isomorphic target problems. Juxtaposing illustrative source instances varying in procedural features along multiple dimensions promoted the construction of a general schema that facilitated solving an isomorphic problem requiring a novel procedure. Exposure to less variant problems led to faster initial learning, but narrower and fixed schemas (mental set), whereas exposure to variant procedures led to slower initial learning, but broader and more flexible schemas. The findings support the dimensional specificity hypothesis: Generalization along 1 dimension facilitates transfer to a target problem differing from the source problems in that dimension.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)