Sex differences in the subjective effects of oral Δ(9)-THC in cannabis users.
Sex differences in the subjective effects of oral Δ(9)-THC in cannabis users.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2016.01.007
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发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lile JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fogel JS;Kelly TH;Westgate PM;Lile JA
以前的研究表明，内源性大麻素功能和对外源性大麻素的反应存在性别差异，尽管在受控实验室条件下比较男性和女性急性大麻素作用的临床研究数据有限。为了进一步探索这些潜在的差异，将来自30名大麻使用者（N=18 M，12 F）的数据进行了回顾性分析，这些大麻使用者完成了先前的Δ9-四氢大麻酚（Δ9-THC）歧视研究。在每项研究中，受试者学会区分口服Δ9-THC和安慰剂，然后接受一系列Δ9-THC剂量（0、5、15和25或30 mg的“高”剂量）。对药物辨别任务、主观效应问卷、心理表现任务和生理措施的反应进行了评估。Δ9-THC剂量依赖性地增加药物适当的反应，“阳性”视觉模拟量表（VAS）项目的评级（例如，良好的效果，如药物，再次服用），以及与中毒有关的项目（例如，高，石）。Δ9-THC还剂量依赖性地损害心理任务的表现和心率升高。VAS项目的性别差异是剂量的函数。在5 mg Δ9-THC剂量下，女性对口服药物给药的主观反应显著大于男性，而男性对15 mg Δ9-THC剂量的主观反应比女性更敏感。这些结果表明，按性别对口服Δ9-THC的主观反应存在剂量依赖性分离，这可能有助于有问题的大麻使用的差异发展。
Previous studies suggest that there are sex differences in endocannabinoid function and the response to exogenous cannabinoids, though data from clinical studies comparing acute cannabinoid effects in men and women under controlled laboratory conditions are limited. To further explore these potential differences, data from 30 cannabis users (N=18 M, 12 F) who completed previous Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) discrimination studies were combined for this retrospective analysis. In each study, subjects learned to discriminate between oral Δ9-THC and placebo and then received a range of Δ9-THC doses (0, 5, 15 and a “high” dose of either 25 or 30 mg). Responses on a drug-discrimination task, subjective effects questionnaire, psychomotor performance tasks, and physiological measures were assessed. Δ9-THC dose-dependently increased drug-appropriate responding, ratings on “positive” visual analog scale (VAS) items (e.g., Good Effects, Like Drug, Take Again), and items related to intoxication (e.g., High, Stoned). Δ9-THC also dose-dependently impaired performance on psychomotor tasks and elevated heart rate. Sex differences on VAS items emerged as a function of dose. Women exhibited significantly greater subjective responses to oral drug administration than men at the 5 mg Δ9-THC dose, whereas men were more sensitive to the subjective effects of the 15 mg dose of Δ9-THC than women. These results demonstrate dose-dependent separation in the subjective response to oral Δ9-THC administration by sex, which might contribute to the differential development of problematic cannabis use.