Foucault and Animals
Foucault and Animals
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福柯与动物
DOI：
10.1163/9789004332232_012
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holloway L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holloway L
本章探讨了福柯的生物权力概念及其对生命的调节和培养的关注。它探讨了福柯的非人类动物的例子中的中心概念化的分析潜力。具体而言，它探讨了英国畜牧养殖的实证案例研究，重点是在这种情况下越来越多地使用“遗传”的知识实践。有人认为，遗传技术代表了调节生活的新方式，并与畜牧业中生物能源的一种特殊模式的出现有关，这种模式可以被视为更广泛的“遗传学”社会进程的一部分。[2]本章集中讨论了“人口”的概念，这是福柯讨论生物权力的核心要素，但通过与“生物社会集体性”的概念的接触，发展了一个更为异质的概念。[3]因此，本章将在福柯的生物权力所提供的一套分析工具中关注非人类行为者的概念化。首先，在概述了生物权力的概念后，有人认为，从其对生命的关注的基础上，非人类动物可以理解为生物权力的关系，借鉴人口和生物社会集体的概念。第二，本章从经验上考察了新的遗传知识和实践如何可能重构与畜牧养殖相关的种群和生物社会集体。第三，有人认为，
This chapter explores Foucault’s concept of biopower1 and its focus on the regulation and fostering of life. It examines the analytical potential of Foucault’s anthropocentric conceptualisation in examples involving nonhuman animals. Specifically, it explores the empirical case study of livestock breeding in the UK, focusing on the increasing use of ‘genetic’knowledge-practices in this context. It is argued that genetic techniques represent new ways of regulating life, and are associated with the emergence of a particular mode of biopower in livestock breeding which can be seen as part of a wider social process of ‘geneticisation’. 2 The chapter concentrates on the idea of ‘population’, a central element of Foucault’s discussions of biopower, but develops a more heterogeneous sense of the term via an engagement with the notion of ‘biosocial collectivity’. 3 As such, the chapter attends to the conceptualisation of nonhuman actors within the set of analytical tools provided by Foucault’s biopower. First, after outlining the notion of biopower, it is argued that, from the basis of its focus on life, nonhuman animals can be understood in terms of relations of biopower, drawing on conceptions of population and biosocial collectivity. Second, the chapter examines empirically how new genetic knowledgepractices might be reconstituting the populations and biosocial collectivities associated with livestock breeding. Third, it is suggested that the emergence of