Does the plasticity of neural stem cells and neurogenesis make them biosensors of disease and damage?
Does the plasticity of neural stem cells and neurogenesis make them biosensors of disease and damage?
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2022.977209
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Encinas-Perez, Juan Manuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodriguez-Bodero, Ane;Encinas-Perez, Juan Manuel
关键词：
在绝大多数哺乳动物中，由于神经干细胞（NSC）群体的持续存在，出生后和成年神经发生发生在海马的齿状回中，所述神经干细胞（NSC）群体也产生星形胶质细胞和更多的NSC。这些是高度可塑性和动态的现象，随着大脑稳态的变化而不断变化。神经干细胞的性质以及神经发生和胶质细胞生成的过程，通过神经元活性的变化和不同类型的疾病和损伤而不同地重塑。这种丰富的可塑性反应将神经干细胞和新生神经元鉴定为海马健康状态的生物传感器，检测并提供有关过程的有用信息，如神经元和网络过度兴奋，兴奋性毒性，神经变性和神经炎症。学会收集和使用这些信息是一个值得我们注意的挑战。
Postnatal and adult neurogenesis takes place in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the vast majority of mammals due to the persistence of a population of neural stem cells (NSCs) that also generate astrocytes and more NSCs. These are highly plastic and dynamic phenomena that undergo continuous modifications in response to the changes brain homeostasis. The properties of NSCs as well as the process of neurogenesis and gliogenesis, are reshaped divergently by changes in neuronal activity and by different types of disease and damage. This richness of plastic responses identifies NSCs and newborn neurons as biosensors of the health state of the hippocampus, detecting and providing useful information about processes such as neuronal and network hyperexcitation, excitotoxicity, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Learning to gather and use this information is a challenge worth of our attention.
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