The prediction of protein subcellular localization from sequence: a shortcut to functional genome annotation
The prediction of protein subcellular localization from sequence: a shortcut to functional genome annotation
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DOI：
10.1093/bfgp/eln003
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pierleoni, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Casadio, Rita;Martelli, Pier Luigi;Pierleoni, Andrea
自动化序列注释是后基因组时代的一个主要目标，数据库中有数百个基因组，来自原核生物和真核生物。虽然微生物的完全测序染色体数量在过去十年中呈指数增长，超过600条，但目前我们只知道25种真核生物的全部DNA含量，包括智人。然而，基因组注释的过程远未完成。这在真核生物中特别相关，其细胞包含几个由膜包围的亚细胞区室或细胞器，在其中执行不同的相关功能。跨膜转运进入细胞器是一个高度调节和复杂的细胞过程。事实上，通过选择性剪接源自基因的不同蛋白质和/或蛋白质同种型可以被输送到不同的细胞区室，这取决于它们在细胞中的特定作用。近年来，通过计算手段预测亚细胞定位（SL）一直是一个活跃的研究领域。目前有几种方法基于不同的概念和解决SL的不同方面。这篇综述提供了一个简短的概述，在文献中描述的最好的执行方法，突出其预测能力和不同的应用。
Automated sequence annotation is a major goal of post-genomic era with hundreds of genomes in the databases, from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. While the number of fully sequenced chromosomes from microbial organisms exponentially increased in the last decade above 600, presently we know the whole DNA content of only 25 eukaryotic organisms, including Homo sapiens. However, the process of genome annotation is far from being completed. This is particularly relevant in eukaryotes, whose cells contain several subcellular compartments, or organelles, enclosed by membranes, where different relevant functions are performed. Translocation across the membrane into the organelles is a highly regulated and complex cellular process. Indeed different proteins and/or protein isoforms, originated from genes by alternative splicing, may be conveyed to different cell compartments, depending on their specific role in the cell. During recent years the prediction of subcellular localization (SL) by computational means has been an active research area. Several methods are presently available based on different notions and addressing different aspects of SL. This review provides a short overview of the most well performing methods described in the literature, highlighting their predictive capabilities and different applications.