Investigations on chimaerae of Triton and Bombinator. I. Development of xenoplastic labyrinths and cranial ganglia
Investigations on chimaerae of Triton and Bombinator. I. Development of xenoplastic labyrinths and cranial ganglia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf01487210
复制
发表时间：
1949-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
ANDRES, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ANDRES, G.
在神经胚或早期尾芽期之间进行同种异体移植，或在晚期弹鼻蝠原肠胚和早期Triton神经胚之间进行异位移植。将假定的轰炸机腹外胚层移植到假定的海卫一迷路区。Bombinator之间核大小的差异。细胞核较小，Triton组织在嵌合体中保持不变。植入物的命运取决于它们的大小和位置。它们在Triton宿主的诱导场中表现出依赖性分化，并且通常在模式上令人惊讶地正常。异种外胚层，在宿主诱导的影响下，形成耳泡，神经节基板和神经嵴的衍生物，但没有大脑，表明晚期原肠胚的腹侧外胚层已经遭受了相当大的能力减弱。异种迷路的发育方式总是以供体的特征;在某些情况下，发育正常进行到晚期幼虫阶段。在较老的幼虫中，异种迷路被封闭在宿主软骨的囊内，膜迷路和软骨迷路形成一个和谐的整体，直到窗形成的细节。异种形成的听觉神经节只与异种耳泡连接，没有参与的神经嵴，连接异种迷路和宿主延髓。根据植入物的大小，不同数量的其他神经节发育成嵌合结构。这些也与宿主髓质和感觉芽都有神经联系，而与后者是由宿主还是供体形成无关。异种的弹鼻蝠表皮发育正常，与宿主表皮协调地形成外鳃，但抑制前腿的生长。它的变性比其它异种器官早，最后被宿主表皮吞噬和取代。在大多数情况下，外胚层植入物形成侧器官;即使被供体表皮包围，个体感觉芽也是宿主类型。在Bombinator植入物中，Triton宿主通常诱导神经嵴神经节的卫星细胞和颅神经的雪旺氏鞘细胞至少部分（如果不是全部）由神经嵴形成，而不是由表皮基板形成。将Triton相互移植到Bombinator中不太成功;但在几种情况下，它们导致了由异种迷路组成的和谐结构，其尺寸小于宿主，以及宿主组织的软骨囊。|| 摘要：C.奥尔巴赫
Xenoplastic transplantations were carried out either homotopical-ly between neurulae or early tailbud stages or, more frequently, heterotopically between advanced Bombinator gastrulae and early Triton neurulae. transplanting the presumptive ventral ectoderm of Bombinator into the presumptive labyrinth region of Triton. The difference in nuclear sizes between Bombinator. with smaller nuclei, and Triton tissues persists unaltered in the chimaerae. The fate of the implants depended on their size and position. They showed dependent differentiation in the inductive field of the Triton host and often were surprisingly normal in pattern. The xenoplastic ectoderm, under the influence of the induction of the host, formed ear vesicles, ganglionic placodes and derivatives of the neural crest, but no brain, indicating that the ventral ectoderm of the late gastrula has already suffered a considerable diminution of competence. The xenoplastic labyrinth developed always in the manner characteristic of the donor; in some cases development proceeded normally into late larval stages. In older larvae, the xenoplastic labyrinth was enclosed in a capsule of host cartilage, membranous and cartilaginous labyrinth forming a harmonious whole down to the detail of fenestra formation. Xenoplastic auditory ganglia were formed only in connection with xenoplastic ear vesicles, without participation of the neural crest, connecting both with the xenoplastic labyrinth and the host medulla oblongata. Depending on the size of the implant, a varying number of other ganglia developed into chimaeric structures. These also had nervous connections with both host medulla and sensory buds, independent of whether the latter had been formed by host or donor. The xenoplastic Bombinator epidermis developed normally, cooperating harmoniously with the host epidermis in the formation of external gills, but inhibiting the growth of the front legs. Degeneration occurred at an earlier stage than other xenoplastic organs and it finally was phago-cytized and replaced by host epidermis. In most cases, the ectoderm implants formed lateral organs; the individual sensory buds were of the host type even when surrounded by donor epidermis. Often the Triton host induced neural crest in the Bombinator implant The satellite cells of the ganglia and the cells of Schwann's sheath of the cranial nerves were formed at least partially, if not wholly, from neural crest, never from epidermal placodes. Reciprocal transplantations of Triton into Bombinator were less successful; but in several cases they resulted in harmonious structures consisting of a xenoplastic labyrinth, smaller in size than that of the host, and a cartilaginous capsule of host tissue. || ABSTRACT AUTHORS: C. Auerbach