Global trade-offs of functional redundancy and functional dispersion for birds and mammals
Global trade-offs of functional redundancy and functional dispersion for birds and mammals
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.12869
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Eigenbrod, Felix
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cooke, Robert S. C.;Bates, Amanda E.;Eigenbrod, Felix
目的鸟类和哺乳动物的多样性通常在不同的分析中描述，但物种可能扮演相似的角色。在这里，我们开发了鸟类和哺乳动物的比较特征框架，以提供物种角色的相似性(功能冗余)和跨分类群角色的广度(功能分散)的全球量化。我们预测鸟类和哺乳动物对冗余和扩散的不同贡献，以及通过包括这两个分类群而产生的冗余和扩散的独特地理模式。全球定位。时间段当代。主要分类群研究鸟类和哺乳动物。方法我们从多个数据库中系统地选择、汇编和归类相同的6个特征(即共同的特征)，从多个数据库中选择15,485种鸟类和哺乳动物。我们使用这六个特征来计算鸟类和哺乳动物在所有825个陆地生态区的功能冗余和功能分散。然后，我们基于物种组成的随机化(即，与物种丰富度的差异无关)，计算这些观测值与零预期相比的标准化效应大小(SES)。结果我们发现，物种丰富的地区，如新热带地区，具有高功能冗余性和低功能分散性，具有全球权衡的特征。因此，一般而言，随着物种丰富度的增加，物种功能角色的相似性也会增加。因此，我们认为，不同的过程产生了物种丰富度/功能冗余和功能分散，导致了马达加斯加、东亚和美国西部功能高度分散的热点的新的、通常是非热带的分布。主要结论我们建议同时考虑不同物种之间功能作用的相似性和广度，包括可能发挥类似作用的类群。因此，我们建议，作为一种保险手段的功能冗余和作为反应多样性指标的功能分散，应进一步作为保护目标进行评估。
Aim The diversity of birds and mammals is typically described in separate analyses, but species may play similar roles. Here, we develop a comparative trait framework for birds and mammals to provide a global quantification of the similarity of species roles (functional redundancy) and the breadth of roles across taxa (functional dispersion). We predict different contributions of birds and mammals to redundancy and dispersion, and unique geographical patterns of redundancy and dispersion by including both taxa. Location Global. Time period Contemporary. Major taxa studied Birds and mammals. Methods We systematically select, compile and impute the same six traits (i.e., a common currency of traits) across 15,485 bird and mammal species from multiple databases. We use these six traits to compute functional redundancy and functional dispersion for birds and mammals across all 825 terrestrial ecoregions. We then calculate the standardized effect size (SES) of these observed values compared with null expectations, based on a randomization of species composition (i.e., independent of differences in species richness). Results We find that species-rich regions, such as the Neotropics, have high functional redundancy coupled with low functional dispersion, characterizing a global trade-off. Thus, in general, as species richness increases, the similarity in species functional roles also increases. We therefore suggest that different processes generate species richness/functional redundancy and functional dispersion, leading to a novel, and generally non-tropical, distribution of hotspots of high functional dispersion across Madagascar, Eastern Asia and Western USA. Main conclusions We recommend consideration of both the similarity and the breadth of functional roles across species pools, including taxa that may play similar roles. We therefore suggest that functional redundancy, as a means of insurance, and functional dispersion, as an indicator of response diversity, should be evaluated further as conservation objectives.