Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Technologies under Different Greenhouse Gas Concentration Pathways
Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Technologies under Different Greenhouse Gas Concentration Pathways
复制标题
不同温室气体浓度路径下能源技术的动态生命周期评估
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.1c05923
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Yao, Yuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lan, Kai;Yao, Yuan
全球变暖潜势(GWP)已被广泛应用于生命周期评估(LCA)，以量化能源技术对气候的影响。大多数LCA是静态分析，没有考虑温室气体(GHG)排放的动态和背景温室气体浓度的变化。这项研究提出了一种动态方法来分析不同时间框架和典型温室气体浓度路径下能源技术的生命周期全球变暖潜能值。结果表明，大气温室气体浓度越高，长期分析的生命周期GWP越高。背景温室气体浓度的影响对于运行排放较大或CH4排放较大的技术比运行排放较低的技术更为显著。2020-2050年美国电力部门的案例研究显示了背景温室气体浓度和不同的生命周期评价方法对估计不同能源技术情景对国家气候影响的影响。根据结果，建议未来的长期气候评估在以下情况下纳入温室气体排放的时间影响：(1)技术具有大量可操作的温室气体排放量或甲烷排放量；(2)分析时间框架长于50年；(3)长期气候评估结果用于减缓气候变化的政策制定或技术比较。
Global warming potential (GWP) has been widely used in the life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify the climate impacts of energy technologies. Most LCAs are static analyses without considering the dynamics of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and changes in background GHG concentrations. This study presents a dynamic approach to analyze the life-cycle GWP of energy technologies in different timeframes and representative GHG concentration pathways. Results show that higher atmospheric GHG concentrations lead to higher life-cycle GWP for long-term analysis. The impacts of background GHG concentrations are more significant for technologies with large operational emissions or CH4emissions than technologies with low operational emissions. The case study for the U.S. electricity sector in 2020–2050 shows the impacts of background GHG concentrations and different LCA methods on estimating national climate impacts of different energy technology scenarios. Based on the results, it is recommended for future LCAs to incorporate temporal effects of GHG emissions when (1) the technology has large operational GHG emissions or CH4emissions; (2) the analysis time frame is longer than 50 years; (3) when LCA results are used for policymaking or technology comparisons for mitigating climate change.