Prevalence, Awareness, and Management of Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes Among United States Adults Aged 65 and Older
Prevalence, Awareness, and Management of Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes Among United States Adults Aged 65 and Older
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/gln016
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Lustik, Michael B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDonald, Margaret;Hertz, Robin P.;Lustik, Michael B.
背景。 65 岁及以上的成年人不成比例地受到高血压、血脂异常和糖尿病的影响，这些都是心血管疾病 (CVD) 的既定危险因素。尽管老年人的风险降低策略，包括控制CVD风险因素，可以导致过早CVD发病率和死亡率下降，但在过去十年中，这些风险因素在老年人中的患病率普遍上升，而且风险因素控制率一直不理想。我们评估了 65 岁及以上美国成年人高血压、血脂异常和糖尿病的患病率、知晓率、治疗和控制率，并描述了与这些因素的知晓和管理相关的预测因素。方法。对参加 1999-2004 年国家健康和营养检查调查的 65 岁及以上成年人 (n = 3,810) 收集的全国代表性数据进行分析。结果。女性高血压患病率显着高于男性（76.6% vs 63.0%），且药物治疗后的控制率显着较低（42.9% vs 57.9%）。血脂异常患病率为 60.3%，女性比男性更容易意识到自己的病情（71.1% vs 59.1%）。 21.2% 的老年人患有糖尿病，50.9% 的患病病例接受药物治疗。对于所有三种疾病，高血压（48.8%）、血脂异常（64.9%）和糖尿病（50.4%），治疗者的目标实现都存在问题。每年两次或两次以上就诊与血脂异常目标的实现相关。结论。了解老年人心血管健康并了解意识中的性别差距可以帮助医生和政策制定者改善疾病管理和患者教育计划。
Background. Adults aged 65 and older are disproportionately affected by hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, which are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although risk reduction strategies among older adults, including control of CVD risk factors, can lead to a decline in premature CVD morbidity and mortality, the prevalence of these risk factors has generally increased in the past decade among elders and risk factor control rates have been suboptimal. We assess prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates among U. S. adults aged 65 and older with respect to hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes and describe predictors associated with awareness and management of these factors.Methods. Analysis of nationally representative data collected from adults aged 65 and older (n = 3,810) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.Results. Women have a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension than men (76.6% vs 63.0%) and a significantly lower rate of control when treated pharmacologically (42.9% vs 57.9%). Dyslipidemia prevalence is 60.3% overall, and women are significantly more likely to be aware of their condition than men (71.1% vs 59.1%). Diabetes affects 21.2% of older adults, and 50.9% of prevalent cases are treated pharmacologically. Goal attainment among those treated is problematic for all three conditions-hypertension (48.8%), dyslipidemia (64.9%), and diabetes (50.4%). Having two or more doctor visits annually is associated with goal attainment for dyslipidemia.Conclusions. Knowledge of cardiovascular health in older adults and understanding gender gaps in awareness can help physicians and policymakers improve disease management and patient education programs.