Visual and Auditory Spatial Localization in Younger and Older Adults.
Visual and Auditory Spatial Localization in Younger and Older Adults.
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年轻人和老年人的视觉和听觉空间定位。
DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2022.838194
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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视觉和听觉定位能力在现实生活中的任务中至关重要，例如导航和社交互动。衰老经常伴随着视力和听力的丧失，影响空间定位。本研究的目的是阐明典型的老化对空间定位的影响，并为老年人病理性感觉障碍建立一个基线。使用口头报告范式，我们调查了典型的老化如何影响视觉和听觉定位性能，依赖视觉在声音定位，和感官整合策略时，本地化视听目标。15名年轻人（N = 15，平均年龄= 26岁）和13名老年人（N = 13，平均年龄= 68岁）参加了本研究，根据临床标准，所有人的年龄调整后视力和听力正常。年轻人和老年人之间存在显着的定位差异，老年组以显着更高的速率丢失周边视觉刺激，定位中央刺激为更外围，并且与年轻受试者相比，在定位中央位置的声音时不太精确。与蒙眼时的听觉定位相比，当测试空间可见时，两组都能更好地定位听觉目标。这两个群体也表现出类似的视听整合模式，在中心位置的最佳整合是一致的最大似然估计模型，但在外围位置的非最佳整合。这些发现表明，尽管听觉和视觉定位会发生与年龄相关的变化，但在没有病理性感觉障碍的老年人中，视觉和听觉之间的相互作用在很大程度上得到了保留。
Visual and auditory localization abilities are crucial in real-life tasks such as navigation and social interaction. Aging is frequently accompanied by vision and hearing loss, affecting spatial localization. The purpose of the current study is to elucidate the effect of typical aging on spatial localization and to establish a baseline for older individuals with pathological sensory impairment. Using a verbal report paradigm, we investigated how typical aging affects visual and auditory localization performance, the reliance on vision during sound localization, and sensory integration strategies when localizing audiovisual targets. Fifteen younger adults (N = 15, mean age = 26 years) and thirteen older adults (N = 13, mean age = 68 years) participated in this study, all with age-adjusted normal vision and hearing based on clinical standards. There were significant localization differences between younger and older adults, with the older group missing peripheral visual stimuli at significantly higher rates, localizing central stimuli as more peripheral, and being less precise in localizing sounds from central locations when compared to younger subjects. Both groups localized auditory targets better when the test space was visible compared to auditory localization when blindfolded. The two groups also exhibited similar patterns of audiovisual integration, showing optimal integration in central locations that was consistent with a Maximum-Likelihood Estimation model, but non-optimal integration in peripheral locations. These findings suggest that, despite the age-related changes in auditory and visual localization, the interactions between vision and hearing are largely preserved in older individuals without pathological sensory impairments.