Impact of the Ionosphere Disturbed by Rocket Plume on OTHR Radio Wave Propagation
Impact of the Ionosphere Disturbed by Rocket Plume on OTHR Radio Wave Propagation
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DOI：
10.1029/2020rs007183
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Xin Ma;H. Fang;Sicheng Wang;Shujie Chang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Ma;H. Fang;Sicheng Wang;Shujie Chang
火箭尾焰的主要化学物质释放到电离层中，引起三维（3-D）扰动。通过模拟扰动，研究了化学释放引起的电离层扰动对超视距雷达（OTHR）波传播的影响。基于吸收仿真模型，对火箭羽焰对超视距雷达波的吸收损失进行了仿真。利用3‐D数字射线追踪，我们模拟了无线电波在“电离层空洞”区域的传播路径。模拟结果表明，短波的吸收损耗随射线频率和仰角的增大而减小。太阳活动高年的吸收损失明显高于太阳活动低年。吸收值中午最大，夜间最小。就季节变化而言，夏季对无线电波的吸收最强，冬季最弱。此外，电离层空穴面积随着释放时间的增加而增加。6 MHz的高频波无法到达干扰高度，并完全反射到地面。大多数8 MHz的无线电波被反射到地面，其中一些穿过电离层。10、15和20 MHz的无线电波可以穿过电离层的空洞区域。此外，由羽流产生的电离层扰动对OTHR短波的传播有聚焦作用。随着射频的增加，聚焦高度逐渐增加，聚焦效果逐渐减弱。
The main chemicals of rocket exhaust plume are released into the ionosphere, which cause three‐dimensional (3‐D) disturbances. By simulating the disturbance, we investigate the influence of ionospheric disturbance by the chemical release on the propagation of over‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) waves. Based on the absorption simulation model, the absorption loss of OTHR waves caused by rocket plume was simulated. Using 3‐D digital ray tracing, we simulated the propagation path of radio waves in the “ionospheric hole” region. The simulation results show that the absorption loss of short waves decreases with an increase in the frequency and elevation angle of the ray. The absorption loss in the year of high solar activity is significantly higher than that in the year of low solar activity. The absorption value is largest at noon and smallest at night. In terms of seasonal variation, the absorption of radio waves is strongest in summer and weakest in winter. Additionally, the ionospheric hole area increases with the release time. The 6 MHz high‐frequency waves cannot reach the disturbance height and are completely reflected to the ground. Most of the 8 MHz radio waves are reflected to the ground, and some of them pass through the ionosphere. The radio waves at 10, 15, and 20 MHz can pass through the hole area of the ionosphere. Moreover, the ionospheric disturbance generated by the plume has a focusing effect on the propagation of OTHR shortwaves. With the increase in radio frequency, the focusing height gradually increases, and the focusing effect gradually weakens.