Wages, Welfare Benefits and Migration.
Wages, Welfare Benefits and Migration.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jeconom.2009.09.019
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
John Kennan;James R. Walker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
John Kennan;James R. Walker
经济机会的差异导致国家内部不同地区以及国家之间的强烈移民动机。在本文中，我们重点关注美国各州福利差异的应对措施。我们应用凯南和沃克（2008）开发的模型，该模型强调迁移决策经常被逆转，并且必须考虑许多替代地点。我们将个人的迁移决策建模为求职问题。工人在某个家庭位置开始生命周期，并且必须在安顿下来之前确定最佳的移动顺序。该模型是稀疏参数化的。我们使用全国青年纵向调查（1979 年）的数据来估计该模型。我们的主要发现是，收入差异确实有助于解释符合福利资格的年轻女性的移民决定，但福利水平的巨大差异提供了令人惊讶的微弱的移民激励。
Differences in economic opportunities give rise to strong migration incentives, across regions within countries, and across countries. In this paper we focus on responses to differences in welfare benefits across States within the United States. We apply the model developed in Kennan and Walker (2008), which emphasizes that migration decisions are often reversed, and that many alternative locations must be considered. We model individual decisions to migrate as a job search problem. A worker starts the life-cycle in some home location and must determine the optimal sequence of moves before settling down. The model is sparsely parameterized. We estimate the model using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979). Our main finding is that income differences do help explain the migration decisions of young welfare-eligible women, but large differences in benefit levels provide surprisingly weak migration incentives.