Estimates of economic costs of alcohol and drug abuse and mental illness, 1985 and 1988.
Estimates of economic costs of alcohol and drug abuse and mental illness, 1985 and 1988.
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1985 年和 1988 年酗酒、吸毒和精神疾病的经济成本估计。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Rice;S. Kelman;L. Miller
酗酒、吸毒和精神疾病的高发率给受影响者和社会带来了巨大的经济负担。作者根据国家调查提供的现有可靠数据和使用新的成本计算方法，提出了1985年和1988年这些原因造成的经济损失估计数。一九八八年，与酗酒、滥用药物及精神病有关的经济损失总额估计为2，733亿元。估计包括酒精滥用858亿美元，药物滥用583亿美元，精神疾病1293亿美元。一九八五年的估计费用总额为二千一百八十一亿元，其中包括直接治疗和辅助费用五百一十四亿元，发病率费用（生产力下降或丧失的价值）八百零八亿元; 358亿美元的死亡成本，与这些疾病相关的140，593例过早死亡的未来生产力损失，基于6%的折扣率，包括家政服务的估算价值;以及475亿美元的其他相关成本，包括犯罪成本，机动车碰撞，火灾破坏，以及犯罪受害者的生产力损失，监禁，犯罪生涯和护理服务的价值。与药物滥用有关的后天免疫机能丧失综合症的费用估计为10亿美元，胎儿酒精综合症的费用估计为16亿美元。这些估计数可以被认为是美国酗酒、吸毒和精神疾病给社会带来的真实成本的下限。
The high prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse and mental illness imposes a substantial financial burden on those affected and on society. The authors present estimates of the economic costs from these causes for 1985 and 1988, based on current and reliable data available from national surveys and the use of new costing methodology. The total losses to the economy related to alcohol and drug abuse and mental illness for 1988 are estimated at $273.3 billion. The estimate includes $85.8 billion for alcohol abuse, $58.3 billion for drug abuse, and $129.3 billion for mental illness. The total estimated costs for 1985, $218.1 billion, include $51.4 billion for direct treatment and support costs; $80.8 billion for morbidity costs, the value of reduced or lost productivity; $35.8 billion for mortality costs, the value of foregone future productivity for the 140,593 premature deaths associated with these disorders, based on a 6 percent discount rate and including an imputed value for housekeeping services; and $47.5 billion in other related costs, including the costs of crime, motor vehicle crashes, fire destruction, and the value of productivity losses for victims of crime, incarceration, crime careers, and caregiver services. The cost of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with drug abuse is estimated at $1 billion, and the cost of fetal alcohol syndrome is estimated at $1.6 billion. The estimates may be considered lower limits of the true costs to society of alcohol and drug abuse and mental illness in the United States.
1984 年的饮酒模式和饮酒问题：一般人口调查的结果。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1987.tb01283.x
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
影响因子：
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作者：
Hilton,ME
通讯作者：
Hilton,ME