Understanding the evolution of phenotypical characters in the Micarea prasina group (Pilocarpaceae) and descriptions of six new species within the group
Understanding the evolution of phenotypical characters in the Micarea prasina group (Pilocarpaceae) and descriptions of six new species within the group
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DOI：
10.3897/mycokeys.57.33267
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发表时间：
2019-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kukwa, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Serusiaux, Emmanuel;Kukwa, Martin
在欧洲发现六个Micarea新种。利用mtSSU rDNA、Mcm7和ITS rDNA 3个基因座的系统发育分析和祖先状态重建，探讨了该属植物的组内划分、次生代谢产物和部分形态特征在分类上的作用。prasina集团。两个主要的谱系被发现在组内。Micarea micrococca分支由12个物种组成，包括长期已知的M。micrococca和新发现的M. microsorediata、小刺蛾M. nignz和M.保利。在这片林地中，除了M. levicula和M. viaikprosa生产gyrophoric酸。分枝prasina dade包括新描述的M. azorica与M. Prasina s.str.，M. nov.和M. isidiopnzsina sp. nov.该湿地内的物种以产生云母酸为特征，除了M. herbarum和M.产生prasinic酸的subviridescens。根据我们的重建结果，可以得出结论，M。prasina类群可能有一个由生殖囊组成的叶状体，在进化过程中多次丢失，而isidia和soredia则多次独立进化。我们的研究支持了M. prasina类群不产生任何次生物质，但它们在不同的谱系中独立获得，如仅限于M. micrococca及其近缘种或存在于M. prasina分支。
Six new Micarea species are described from Europe. Phylogenetic analyses, based on three loci, i.e. mtSSU rDNA, Mcm7 and ITS rDNA and ancestral state reconstructions, were used to evaluate infra-group divisions and the role of secondary metabolites and selected morphological characters on the taxonomy in the M. prasina group. Two main lineages were found within the group. The Micarea micrococca clade consists of twelve species, including the long-known M. micrococca and the newly described M. microsorediata, M. nignz and M. pauli. Within this Glade, most species produce methoxymicareic acid, with the exceptions of M. levicula and M. viaikprosa producing gyrophoric acid. The M. prasina dade includes the newly described M. azorica closely related to M. prasina s.str., M. aeruginoprusina sp. nov. and M. isidiopnzsina sp. nov. The species within this Glade are characterised by the production of micareic acid, with the exception of M. herbarum which lacks any detectable substances and M. subviridescens that produces prasinic acid. Based on our reconstructions, it was concluded that the ancestor of the M. prasina group probably had a thallus consisting of goniocysts, which were lost several times during evolution, while isidia and soredia evolved independently at multiple times. Our research supported the view that the ancestor of M. prasina group did not produce any secondary substances, but they were gained independently in different lineages, such as methoxymicareic acid which is restricted to M. micrococca and allied species or micareic acid present in the M. prasina clade.