Overlooked Risks of Biochars: Persistent Free Radicals trigger Neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans
Overlooked Risks of Biochars: Persistent Free Radicals trigger Neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans
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生物炭被忽视的风险：持续的自由基会引发秀丽隐杆线虫的神经毒性
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.8b01338
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Pan Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lieke Thora;Zhang Xuchao;Steinberg Christian E. W.;Pan Bo
近年来，生物炭在减缓气候变化和恢复受污染或排水土壤方面越来越受到关注。然而，确定其对生态系统，特别是对土壤无脊椎动物的影响的研究仍然很少，以前从未评估过生物炭的神经毒性潜力。以秀丽隐杆线虫为模式生物，测定了稻草热解生物炭在0 ~ 2000 mg C·L-1浓度范围内的神经毒性效应。生物炭对动物的运动行为有兴奋作用。此外，高浓度损害排便以及对化学引诱剂的识别和反应。生物炭中的潜在有毒化学物质都没有足够高的浓度来解释检测到的神经毒性效应。利用电子顺磁共振（EPR）光谱，我们检测到的生物炭中的自由基。自由基与生物大分子的有害反应可以诱导氧化应激反应，是生物炭神经毒性效应的潜在原因。总的来说，我们能够证明，生物炭有可能作为弱神经毒素土壤生物和持久性自由基的影响应进一步调查。
In recent years, biochars have gained increasing interest in mitigating climate changes and revitalizing contaminated or drained soil. Studies determining their impact on the ecosystem, especially on soil invertebrates, however, are still scarce and the neurotoxic potential of biochars has never been evaluated before. Using the model organismCaenorhabditis eleganswe determined the neurotoxic effect of biochar produced from rice straw by pyrolysis at 500 °C at concentrations ranging from 0 to 2000 mg C·L–1. Biochar had a hormetic effect on locomotion behavior. Furthermore, high concentrations impaired defecation as well as the recognition and response to a chemical attractant. None of the potential toxic chemicals in the biochar had sufficient high concentrations to explain the detected neurotoxic effect. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, we detected free radicals in the biochar. Detrimental reaction of free radicals with biotic macromolecules can induce oxidative stress responses and are a potential reason for the evaluated neurotoxic effect of biochar. Overall, we were able to prove that biochars have the potential to act as weak neurotoxins to soil organisms and effects of persistent free radicals should be investigated further.