Assessment of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) vulnerability in cattle-owning communities of sub-Saharan Africa
Assessment of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) vulnerability in cattle-owning communities of sub-Saharan Africa
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-016-1336-5
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发表时间：
2016-01-30
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Guitian, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holt, H. R.;Selby, R.;Guitian, J.
背景：非洲动物锥虫病（AAT）是撒哈拉以南非洲畜牧业生产的最大限制因素之一，也是对粮食安全的威胁。为了优化 AAT 控制资源的分配，决策者需要瞄准控制计划最有可能成功和可持续的地理区域，并选择能够最大限度地从投资资源中获得收益的控制方法。 方法：根据 AAT 脆弱性对养牛社区进行分类的总体方法是基于通过对撒哈拉以南非洲五个国家进行实地调查收集的关键变量的选择，然后进行正式的多重对应分析 (MCA)，以确定解释区域之间差异的因素。为了根据 AAT 脆弱性概况对社区进行分类，进行了层次聚类分析 (HCA)。结果：根据所研究的五个国家内农民对锥虫病控制的信念，确定了三组社区脆弱性概况。集群 1 社区主要在喀麦隆发现，报告了持续的 AAT 负担，拥有大量对锥虫敏感（平均牛群规模 = 57）的公共放牧牛群。据报道，牲畜（牛和小反刍动物）是大多数养牛家庭（87.0%）的主要收入来源。聚类 2 社区主要位于布基纳法索和赞比亚，一些埃塞俄比亚社区拥有中等规模的牛群（平均 = 16），并且一些耐受锥虫的品种（31.7%）实行公共放牧。在这些社区中，人们对锥虫抗药性的发展存在一些担忧。农作物是主要收入来源，而该集群中的社区由于牵引力减弱而遭受了一些经济损失。第三组主要包含乌干达和埃塞俄比亚社区，这些社区是牧群规模较小的混合农民（平均= 8）。这里诊断和治疗 AAT 的费用适中。结论：了解牛主如何受到 AAT 的影响以及他们控制疾病的努力对于设计适合当地的控制计划至关重要。预计结果可以为 AAT 控制策略的优先级设定和制定量身定制的建议提供信息。
Background: Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) is one of the biggest constraints to livestock production and a threat to food security in sub-Saharan Africa. In order to optimise the allocation of resources for AAT control, decision makers need to target geographic areas where control programmes are most likely to be successful and sustainable and select control methods that will maximise the benefits obtained from resources invested.Methods: The overall approach to classifying cattle-owning communities in terms of AAT vulnerability was based on the selection of key variables collected through field surveys in five sub-Saharan Africa countries followed by a formal Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to identify factors explaining the variations between areas. To categorise the communities in terms of AAT vulnerability profiles, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) was performed.Results: Three clusters of community vulnerability profiles were identified based on farmers' beliefs with respect to trypanosomiasis control within the five countries studied. Cluster 1 communities, mainly identified in Cameroon, reported constant AAT burden, had large trypanosensitive (average herd size = 57) communal grazing cattle herds. Livestock (cattle and small ruminants) were reportedly the primary source of income in the majority of these cattle-owning households (87.0 %). Cluster 2 communities identified mainly in Burkina Faso and Zambia, with some Ethiopian communities had moderate herd sizes (average = 16) and some trypanotolerant breeds (31.7 %) practicing communal grazing. In these communities there were some concerns regarding the development of trypanocide resistance. Crops were the primary income source while communities in this cluster incurred some financial losses due to diminished draft power. The third cluster contained mainly Ugandan and Ethiopian communities which were mixed farmers with smaller herd sizes (average = 8). The costs spent diagnosing and treating AAT were moderate here.Conclusions: Understanding how cattle-owners are affected by AAT and their efforts to manage the disease is critical to the design of suitable locally-adapted control programmes. It is expected that the results could inform priority setting and the development of tailored recommendations for AAT control strategies.