Fire and its management in central Australia
Fire and its management in central Australia
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DOI：
10.1071/rj07037
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Vaarzon-Morel, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, G. P.;Allan, G. E.;Vaarzon-Morel, P.
在过去的130年里，澳大利亚中部的土地利用模式发生了巨大变化，火灾制度和火灾管理目标也发生了巨大变化。虽然原住民仍然拥有大部分土地的保有权，但他们的生活方式已经改变。大多数原住民现在居住在城镇和定居点，尽管火灾管理在文化上仍然很重要，但到乡下去燃烧的机会受到了限制。大部分土地现在用于畜牧业生产。在这种土地利用下，管理目标往往是防火。另一个大规模的土地使用是为了保护。在这里，火灾管理更加注重使用各种燃烧策略保护生物多样性。在本文中，我们探讨当代火灾制度在澳大利亚中部。大范围的火灾事件被发现与连续两年或两年以上高于平均水平的降雨量有关。虽然大多数与这些高降雨量有关的火灾发生在温暖的月份，但最近这些火灾在较冷的月份表现出更大的活动。这些火灾的数量和规模以及与道路有关的火灾数量也随之增加。我们还探讨了目前的消防管理问题，原住民，牧区和保护区的土地。目前的火灾管理目标并没有完全满足任何这些土地保有权在澳大利亚中部和社会冲突有时出现的结果。有重叠的管理目标，问题和整个土地使用权的预期成果，这导致我们在澳大利亚中部改善消防管理成果的五个关键建议的实现不足。最后，我们对基于火灾管理的相关生计改善机会发表了一些评论。
Over the last 130 years, patterns of land use in central Australia have altered dramatically, and so too have fire regimes and fire management objectives. Although Aboriginal people still have tenure over large parts of the landscape, their lifestyles have changed. Most Aboriginal people now live in towns and settlements and, although fire management is still culturally important, the opportunities for getting out on country to burn are constrained. Large parts of the landscape are now used for pastoral production. Under this land use the management objective is often one of fire exclusion. The other large-scale land use is for conservation. Here, fire management has a greater focus on conserving biodiversity using various burning strategies. In this paper we explore contemporary fire regimes in central Australia. Widespread fire events are found to be associated with two or more consecutive years of above-average rainfall. Although most of the fires linked with these high rainfall periods occur during the warmer months, in recent times these fires have exhibited increased activity during the cooler months. There has been a concomitant increase in the number and size of these fires and in the number of fires associated with roads. We also explored current fire management issues on Aboriginal, pastoral and conservation lands. Current fire management goals are not being wholly met on any of these land tenures in central Australia and social conflict sometimes emerges as a result. There are overlaps in management aims, issues and the underachievement of desired outcomes across the land tenures which lead us to five key recommendations for improving fire management outcomes in central Australia. We finish with some comments on associated opportunities for livelihood enhancement based on the management of fire.