Disaster Crisis Management
Disaster Crisis Management
复制标题
灾害危机管理
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Quarantelli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Quarantelli
灾害危机管理不会自动遵循灾害规划。研究表明，成功的灾害管理主要取决于应急组织的活动。特别是在沟通流程、权力行使、协调发展等方面存在管理问题。沟通过程中至少存在五个不同方面的困难，即组织内部行为、组织之间、组织到公众、公众到组织、组织系统之间的沟通困难。权力行使困难源于高层人员过劳流失、新灾害任务权限冲突、组织权限冲突等。协调困难来自于从事共同但新的灾害相关任务的组织之间缺乏共识，以及在任何规模的社区灾害中难以实现总体协调。事先规划可以限制这些管理困难，但不能完全消除所有困难。
The crisis management of disasters does not follow automatically from disaster planning. Research has shown that successful disaster management results primarily from the activities of emergency organizations. In particular, there are management problems with respect to the communication process, the exercise of authority, and the development of coordination. There are at least five different areas of difficulties in the communication process, namely in intra-organizational behaviors, between organizations, from organizations to the public, from the public to organizations, and with systems of organizations. Exercise of authority difficulties stem from losses of higher echelon personnel because of overwork, conflict regarding authority over new disaster tasks, clashes over organizational jurisdictional differences. Coordination difficulties come from lack of consensus among organizations working on common but new disaster related tasks, and difficulties in achieving overall coordination in any community disaster that is of any magnitude. Prior planning can limit these management difficulties but cannot completely eliminate all of them.