Sex and Gender in Psychopathology: DSM-5 and Beyond
Sex and Gender in Psychopathology: DSM-5 and Beyond
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DOI：
10.1037/bul0000183
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Lefler, Elizabeth K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartung, Cynthia M.;Lefler, Elizabeth K.
精神病理学的性别和性别差异已被充分研究，但识别和理解性别和性别的变异性是重要的全面的病因模型的发展，以及有效的评估和治疗精神病理学在所有的人。在当前的文章中。我们讨论了性和性别在精神病理学研究中的重要性，回顾了检查这些结构时使用的术语，并提出了不同患病率的多种解释。接下来，我们回顾了精神病理学期刊上的文章，得出的结论是，研究人员比二十年前更经常地同时包括男性和女性，但仍然没有始终如一地按性别或性别进行分析。我们还提供了DSM-5中提出的男女比例的更新，并对选定疾病的文献进行了系统回顾。我们的结论是，DSM-5介绍的性别或性别比例是不系统的。最后，我们为下一个DSM工作组，研究人员，期刊编辑和资助机构提供建议。这些建议的重点是在精神病理学研究的各个方面更加一致和系统地考虑性和性别。
Sex and gender differences in psychopathology have been understudied, yet identifying and understanding variability by sex and gender is important for the development of comprehensive etiological models as well as effective assessment and treatment of psychopathology in all persons. In the current article. we discuss the importance of sex and gender in psychopathology research, review terminology used when examining these constructs, and present multiple explanations for differential prevalence rates. Next, we review articles from psychopathology journals and conclude that researchers more often include both males and females than they did two decades ago, but still do not consistently analyze by sex or gender. We also provide an update of male-to-female ratios as presented in the DSM-5 and conduct a systematic review of the literature for selected disorders. We conclude that the DSM-5 presentation of sex or gender ratios is not systematic. Finally, we provide suggestions for the next DSM task force, researchers, journal editors, and funding agencies. These recommendations focus on more consistently and systematically considering sex and gender in all aspects of psychopathology research.