Acute Diarrhea in Adults and Children A Global Perspective
Acute Diarrhea in Adults and Children A Global Perspective
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DOI：
10.1097/mcg.0b013e31826df662
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
LeMair, Anton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farthing, Michael;Salam, Mohammed A.;LeMair, Anton
根据世界卫生组织（世卫组织）和联合国儿童基金会的数据，全世界每年约有20亿例腹泻病，每年有190万5岁以下儿童死于腹泻，其中大部分在发展中国家。这相当于5岁以下儿童死亡总数的18%，意味着每天有5 000多名儿童死于疟疾。在所有死于腹泻的儿童中，78%发生在非洲和东南亚地区。每个5岁以下的儿童平均每年发生3次急性腹泻。在全球范围内，急性腹泻是该年龄组的第二大死亡原因（仅次于肺炎），该年龄组儿童中腹泻病的发病率和死亡风险最高，特别是在婴儿期-此后，发病率逐渐下降。在资源有限的国家，儿童腹泻的其他直接后果包括生长迟缓、营养不良和认知发育受损。
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, there are about 2 billion cases of diarrheal disease worldwide every year, and 1.9 million children younger than 5 years of age perish from diarrhea each year, mostly in developing countries. This amounts to 18% of all the deaths of children below the age of 5 and means that> 5000 children are dying every day as a result of diarrheal diseases. Of all child deaths from diarrhea, 78% occur in the African and Southeast Asian regions.Each child below 5 years of age experiences an average of 3 annual episodes of acute diarrhea. Globally in this age group, acute diarrhea is the second leading cause of death (after pneumonia), and both the incidence and the risk of mortality from diarrheal diseases are greatest among children in this age group, particularly during infancy—thereafter, rates decline incrementally. Other direct consequences of diarrhea in children include growth faltering, malnutrition, and impaired cognitive development in resource-limited countries.