Development of Vegetation and Aquatic Habitat in Restored Riparian Sites of California's North Coast Rangelands
Development of Vegetation and Aquatic Habitat in Restored Riparian Sites of California's North Coast Rangelands
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加州北海岸牧场恢复河岸地区植被和水生栖息地的发展
DOI：
10.1111/j.1526-100x.2009.00558.x
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
K. Tate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Lennox;D. Lewis;R. Jackson;J. Harper;S. Larson;K. Tate
短期目标占优势，缺乏对恢复项目的系统监测，限制了学习过去经验和改进未来恢复工作的机会。我们对河岸边植被恢复点和13个未恢复点进行了回顾和横断面调查。我们评估了每个站点的36个恢复指标，并使用项目年龄(0-39年)来量化植物群落和水生栖息地的轨迹，并使用最大似然模型选择方法来比较线性和多项式关系。我们发现21个河岸植被中的16个和15个水生生境属性中的11个与项目年龄显著相关。我们的结果表明，多种生态系统服务和流域功能的改善，如多样性、沉积、固碳和可用栖息地。包括乡土乔木和外来灌木密度在内的10项河岸植被指标随项目年龄的增加呈非线性增加，凋落物和乡土灌木密度呈线性增加。一年生植物的物种丰富度和盖度随着时间的推移而下降。水生生境指标的改善，如增加池水深度和减少岸边宽深比，表明修复地点的滨河鱼类栖息地可能有所改善。我们假设，由于河岸植被的空间和/或时间限制，某些河流指标没有改善，从而影响了水生栖息地。恢复管理者应该做好准备，通过控制外来灌木或在恢复植被后长达10年的时间里种植耐荫的本地物种来维持或加强林下多样性。
The preponderance of short‐term objectives and lack of systematic monitoring of restoration projects limits opportunities to learn from past experience and improve future restoration efforts. We conducted a retrospective, cross‐sectional survey of 89 riparian revegetation sites and 13 nonrestored sites. We evaluated 36 restoration metrics at each site and used project age (0–39 years) to quantify plant community and aquatic habitat trajectories with a maximum likelihood model selection approach to compare linear and polynomial relationships. We found significant correlations with project age for 16 of 21 riparian vegetation, and 11 of 15 aquatic habitat attributes. Our results indicated improvements in multiple ecosystem services and watershed functions such as diversity, sedimentation, carbon sequestration, and available habitat. Ten riparian vegetation metrics, including native tree and exotic shrub density, increased nonlinearly with project age, while litter and native shrub density increased linearly. Species richness and cover of annual plants declined over time. Improvements in aquatic habitat metrics, such as increasing pool depth and decreasing bankfull width‐to‐depth ratio, indicated potentially improved anadromous fish habitats at restored sites. We hypothesize that certain instream metrics did not improve because of spatial and/or temporal limitations of riparian vegetation to affect aquatic habitat. Restoration managers should be prepared to maintain or enhance understory diversity by controlling exotic shrubs or planting shade‐tolerant native species as much as 10 years after revegetation.