SIMULATION-MODELS FOR PREDICTING DURABILITY OF INSECT-RESISTANT GERM PLASM - A DETERMINISTIC DIPLOID, 2-LOCUS MODEL
SIMULATION-MODELS FOR PREDICTING DURABILITY OF INSECT-RESISTANT GERM PLASM - A DETERMINISTIC DIPLOID, 2-LOCUS MODEL
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DOI：
10.1093/ee/15.1.1
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发表时间：
1986-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
GOULD, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GOULD, F
开发了一个模拟模型来预测害虫需要多长时间才能适应两种抗生素，寄主植物抗性因子，如果它们被顺序部署，作为品种混合物，或组合在一个单一的抗生素抗性品种。结果表明，没有一个单一的部署策略是最持久的所有害虫/种植系统组合。当害虫在具有两种抗性因子的植物上的相对适合度与昆虫所具有的适应等位基因的数量线性相关时，预期顺序释放具有不同单一抗性因子的两个品种或这两个品种的混合种植比两种抗性因子都已被整合到其中的品种的纯种植提供更弱但更持久的抗性。如果完全易感的植物种植在邻近的aramided品种的比例，导致平均适合的昆虫没有适应等位基因，相当于他们的平均适合的顺序释放计划，所有三个策略的持久性是相似的。如果适应的等位基因是隐性的，并且上位性足够强，使得两种抗性因子在同时具有这两种因子的植物中在很大程度上是多余的，则通常预期抗性因子的交替部署比顺序或混合释放更持久。通过向系统中添加一些完全感病的植物来增强抗蚜品种的耐久性。两个昆虫基因座的结构连锁会降低这种被驱避的栽培品种的持久性，但它通常比顺序或混合释放更持久。
A simulation model was developed to predict how long it would take a pest to adapt to two antibiotic, host-plant resistance factors if they were deployed sequentially, as a cultivar mixture, or combined in a single pyramided resistant cultivar. Results indicated that no single deployment strategy was most durable in all pest/cropping system combinations. When relative fitness of the insect pest on plants with both resistance factors was linearly related to the number of adaptive alleles that the insect possessed, sequential release of two cultivars with different single resistance factors or mixed planting of these two cultivars was expected to provide weaker but more durable resistance than pure plantings of a cultivar into which both resistance factors had been pyramided. If totally susceptible plants are grown adjacent to the pyramided cultivar in a ratio that causes the mean fitness of insects with no adaptive alleles to be equivalent to their mean fitness in the sequential-release plan, the durability of all three strategies is similar. If alleles for adaptation are recessive and epistasis is strong enough to make the two resistance factors largely redundant in plants possessing both factors, pyramided deployment of resistance factors is often expected to be much more durable than a sequential or mixed release. Durability of the pyramided cultivar is enhanced by adding some totally susceptible plants to the system. Structural linkage of the two insect loci would reduce durability of such a pyramided cultivar, but it would usually be more durable than sequential or mixed releases.