Antigenic differences between HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins and their importance for type-specific serology
Antigenic differences between HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins and their importance for type-specific serology
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DOI：
10.1159/000150493
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Trybala, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergstrom, T;Trybala, E
通过血清学手段区分单纯疱疹病毒1型和2型(HSV-1和HSV-2)感染的能力对临床病毒学诊断越来越重要。HSV类型特异性血清学有许多应用，例如，指导抗病毒治疗的持续时间和剂量，允许进行严格的流行病学分析，评估HSV候选疫苗的效力，以及在对患有生殖器疱疹的夫妇进行咨询期间帮助临床医生。这两种单纯疱疹病毒类型的基因组似乎在典型内足够稳定，而在典型间存在差异，从而允许这种区分。尽管方法学最近取得了进展，但理想的HSV型特异性血清学检测方法仍有待开发。用于这种检测的病毒抗原应该引起强烈的抗体反应，但只针对独特的决定因素，以便能够结合高敏感性和特异性。在所有的HSV包膜蛋白中，最有希望的候选抗原是HSV-1糖蛋白G(GG-1)及其对应的HSV-2糖蛋白GG-2，它们含有较长的类型独特的氨基酸片段。然而，类型特定的决定因素是否优先定位于GG的独特或同源延伸仍是未知的。矛盾的是，到目前为止，针对中等类型特异性抗原HSV-1糖蛋白C的类型特异性单抗被映射到同源片段，而不是唯一的类型延伸片段。可能需要定义GG-1和GG-2上的人类类型特异性表位，以及更广泛地寻找新的候选HSV抗原，以充分区分双重感染和高滴度单一HSV-1或HSV-2感染。
The ability to discriminate between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) infections by serological means is of increasing importance for clinical virological diagnostics. HSV type-specific serology has a number of applications, e.g. to guide duration and dosage of antiviral therapy, to allow for stringent epidemiological analyses, to evaluate efficacy of HSV vaccine candidates, and to help the clinician during counseling of couples where one has genital herpes. The genomes of the two HSV types appear to be sufficiently intratypically stable and intertypically discrepant to permit such a discrimination. Despite recent advances in methodology, the ideal HSV type-specific serological assays still remain to be developed. The viral antigens utilized for such an assay should evoke strong antibody responses, but only against unique determinants, in order to be able to combine high sensitivity and specificity. Of all the HSV envelope proteins, the most promising candidate antigens, i.e. HSV-1 glycoprotein G (gG-1) and its HSV-2 counterpart gG-2, contain relatively long type-unique stretches of amino acids. However, whether the type-specific determinants preferentially localize to the unique or homologous stretches of gG is still unknown. Paradoxically, type-specific monoclonal antibodies to the moderately type-specific antigen, HSV-1 glycoprotein C, have hitherto been mapped to homologous rather than to type-unique stretches. A definition of human type-specific epitopes on gG-1 and gG-2, as well as a broader search for new candidate HSV antigens, might be needed to fully discriminate dual infections from high titer single HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections.