State dependence of adaptation of force output following movement observation.
State dependence of adaptation of force output following movement observation.
复制标题
运动观察后力输出适应的状态依赖性。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00353.2012
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Thoroughman,KurtA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wanda,PaulA;Li,Gang;Thoroughman,KurtA
人类很容易通过直接的身体练习和观察他人的动作来学习移动。一些研究人员提出，动作观察可以通过获得新的动力学的神经表征来通知随后的控制变化，但到目前为止，观察后的学习一直是由运动学度量描述的。在这里，我们设计了一个实验，在力产生的水平上考虑对新的动态扰动的适应的特异性。我们测量了受位置或速度相关的动态环境干扰的运动的表现或观察后，力输出的时间模式的变化，以1)确定先前描述的观察到的运动学习效应是否可归因于预测肢体控制的变化，以及2)确定这种适应是否反映了对适合触觉环境的肢体状态的习得依赖。我们发现，观察到扰动运动的受试者在侧向力输出中产生了显著的补偿性变化，尽管在执行运动任务时从未直接感受到力扰动。观察者适应的力输出的时间序列表明，观察到的动力学的状态依赖性形成了适应。我们的结论是，大脑可以将运动学观察转化为REACH动力学的状态依赖适应。
Humans readily learn to move through direct physical practice and by watching the movements of others. Some researchers have proposed that action observation can inform subsequent changes in control through the acquisition of a neural representation of the novel dynamics, but to date learning following observation has been described by kinematic metrics. Here we designed an experiment to consider the specificity of adaptation to novel dynamic perturbations at the level of force generation. We measured changes in temporal patterns of force output following either the performance or observation of movements perturbed by either position- or velocity-dependent dynamic environments to1) establish whether previously described observational motor learning effects were attributable to changes in predictive limb control and2) determine whether such adaptation reflected a learned dependence on limb states appropriate to the haptic environment. We found that subjects who observed perturbed movements produced significant compensatory changes in their lateral force output, despite never directly experiencing force perturbations firsthand while performing the motor task. The time series of observers' adapted force outputs suggested that the state dependence of observed dynamics shapes adaptation. We conclude that the brain can transform observation of kinematics into state-dependent adaptation of reach dynamics.