Megaphylogeny resolves global patterns of mushroom evolution
Megaphylogeny resolves global patterns of mushroom evolution
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-019-0834-1
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
T. Varga;K. Krizsan;C. Földi;B. Dima;M. Sánchez-García;S. Sánchez-Ramírez;G. Szöllősi;János G Szarkándi;V. Papp;L. Albert;William B. Andreopoulos;C. Angelini;V. Antonín;K. Barry;N. Bougher;P. Buchanan;B. Buyck;Viktória Bense;P. Catcheside;Mansi Chovatia;J. Cooper;W. Dämon;D. Desjardin;P. Finy;J. Geml;S. Haridas;K. Hughes;A. Justo;D. Karasiński;I. Kautmanová;B. Kiss;S. Kocsubé;H. Kotiranta;K. LaButti;B. Lechner;K. Liimatainen;A. Lipzen;Z. Lukács;S. Mihaltcheva;L. N. Morgado;T. Niskanen;M. Noordeloos;R. Ohm;Beatriz Ortiz-Santana;C. Ovrebo;Nikolett Rácz;R. Riley;A. Savchenko;A. Shiryaev;K. Soop;V. Spirin;Csilla Szebenyi;M. Tomšovský;R. Tulloss;Jessie Uehling;I. Grigoriev;C. Vágvölgyi;T. Papp;F. Martin;O. Miettinen;D. Hibbett;L. Nagy
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Varga;K. Krizsan;C. Földi;B. Dima;M. Sánchez-García;S. Sánchez-Ramírez;G. Szöllősi;János G Szarkándi;V. Papp;L. Albert;William B. Andreopoulos;C. Angelini;V. Antonín;K. Barry;N. Bougher;P. Buchanan;B. Buyck;Viktória Bense;P. Catcheside;Mansi Chovatia;J. Cooper;W. Dämon;D. Desjardin;P. Finy;J. Geml;S. Haridas;K. Hughes;A. Justo;D. Karasiński;I. Kautmanová;B. Kiss;S. Kocsubé;H. Kotiranta;K. LaButti;B. Lechner;K. Liimatainen;A. Lipzen;Z. Lukács;S. Mihaltcheva;L. N. Morgado;T. Niskanen;M. Noordeloos;R. Ohm;Beatriz Ortiz-Santana;C. Ovrebo;Nikolett Rácz;R. Riley;A. Savchenko;A. Shiryaev;K. Soop;V. Spirin;Csilla Szebenyi;M. Tomšovský;R. Tulloss;Jessie Uehling;I. Grigoriev;C. Vágvölgyi;T. Papp;F. Martin;O. Miettinen;D. Hibbett;L. Nagy
蘑菇形成真菌(蘑菇菌类)在所有真菌中具有最大的形态多样性和复杂性。它们已经辐射到大多数生态位，并在生态系统中发挥不同的作用，包括木材分解者、病原体或菌根互助者。尽管蘑菇形成真菌很重要，但其进化历史的大规模模式鲜为人知，部分原因是缺乏全面和过时的分子系统学。在这里，我们利用多基因和基于基因组的数据，构建了一个5,284个物种的系统发育树，并推断了蘑菇形成真菌的物种形成/灭绝和形态创新的年龄和广泛模式。真菌在侏罗纪开始了全班的快速辐射，恰逢(亚)热带针叶林的扩散和气候变暖。随后在白垩纪和古近纪，可能发生了大规模灭绝、几次特定支系的适应性辐射和子实体形态的多样化，集中地产生了经典的伞菌形态，有帽、柄和鳃(菌毛-柄形态)。这种形态与谱系多样化的速度增加有关，这表明它代表了蘑菇形成真菌进化的一项关键创新。蘑菇多样性的增加始于中新生代辐射事件，当时气候潮湿，以裸子植物和爬行动物为主的陆地群落也在扩大。
Mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes) have the greatest morphological diversity and complexity of any group of fungi. They have radiated into most niches and fulfil diverse roles in the ecosystem, including wood decomposers, pathogens or mycorrhizal mutualists. Despite the importance of mushroom-forming fungi, large-scale patterns of their evolutionary history are poorly known, in part due to the lack of a comprehensive and dated molecular phylogeny. Here, using multigene and genome-based data, we assemble a 5,284-species phylogenetic tree and infer ages and broad patterns of speciation/extinction and morphological innovation in mushroom-forming fungi. Agaricomycetes started a rapid class-wide radiation in the Jurassic, coinciding with the spread of (sub)tropical coniferous forests and a warming climate. A possible mass extinction, several clade-specific adaptive radiations and morphological diversification of fruiting bodies followed during the Cretaceous and the Paleogene, convergently giving rise to the classic toadstool morphology, with a cap, stalk and gills (pileate-stipitate morphology). This morphology is associated with increased rates of lineage diversification, suggesting it represents a key innovation in the evolution of mushroom-forming fungi. The increase in mushroom diversity started during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic radiation event, an era of humid climate when terrestrial communities dominated by gymnosperms and reptiles were also expanding.