From categories to gradience: Auto-coding sociophonetic variation with random forests

From categories to gradience: Auto-coding sociophonetic variation with random forests
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从类别到梯度:使用随机森林自动编码社交语音变化

DOI:
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kevin Watson
Kevin Watson
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
D. Villarreal;L. Clark;J. Hay;Kevin Watson

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编码通常被视为分类的社会语音变量的耗时性阻碍了解决这些变量的研究问题,这些变量需要大量的数据。在本文中,我们应用机器学习方法,随机森林分类(Breiman,2001年),自动编码(分类预测)的两个英语sociophonetic变量传统上被视为分类,非prevocalic/r/和词-medial intervocalic /t/,基于令牌的声学签名。我们发现,非前音/r/(缺席与存在)和中间/t/(有声与无声)的二进制分类器性能良好,但对于具有六路编码区别的中间/t/(主要是由于一些代码在训练数据中稀疏表示)。该方法还产生在分类的重要性方面的声学措施的排名。除了任何单独的措施,这种方法产生的概率预测的变化(分类器概率),代表了一个复合的声音线索送入模型。在听力实验中,我们发现,分类器概率不仅显着捕获梯度在训练有素的听众的感知旋度,他们更好地预测听众的看法比个人的声学措施。因此,这种方法代表了一种新的方法来协调分类和连续的社会语音变化的尺寸。
The time-consuming nature of coding sociophonetic variables that are typically treated as categorical represents an impediment to addressing research questions around these variables that require large volumes of data. In this paper, we apply a machine learning method, random forest classification (Breiman, 2001), to automate coding (categorical prediction) of two English sociophonetic variables traditionally treated as categorical, non-prevocalic /r/ and word-medial intervocalic /t/, based on tokens’ acoustic signatures. We found good performance for binary classifiers of non-prevocalic /r/ (Absent versus Present) and medial /t/ (Voiced versus Voiceless), but not for medial /t/ with a six-way coding distinction (largely due to some codes being sparsely represented in the training data). This method also yields rankings of acoustic measures in terms of importance in classification. Beyond any individual measures, this method generates probabilistic predictions of variation (classifier probabilities) that represent a composite of the acoustic cues fed into the model. In a listening experiment, we found that not only did classifier probabilities significantly capture gradience in trained listeners’ perceptions of rhoticity, they better predicted listeners’ perceptions than individual acoustic measures. This method thus represents a new approach to reconciling the categorical and continuous dimensions of sociophonetic variation.
手势延迟在尾声/r/弱化中的作用:一项发音、听觉和声学研究。
DOI: 10.1121/1.5027833
发表时间: 2018
期刊: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子: --
作者:
Lawson E
通讯作者: Lawson E
DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2012.11.001
发表时间: 2013-04
影响因子: 4.3
作者:
Barr, Dale J.;Levy, Roger;Scheepers, Christoph;Tily, Harry J.
通讯作者: Tily, Harry J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.wocn.2018.05.004
发表时间: 2018-09-01
影响因子: 1.9
作者:
Baumann, Stefan;Winter, Bodo
通讯作者: Winter, Bodo