Sex and Age Differences in Motion Sickness in Rats: The Correlation with Blood Hormone Responses and Neuronal Activation in the Vestibular and Autonomic Nuclei.
Sex and Age Differences in Motion Sickness in Rats: The Correlation with Blood Hormone Responses and Neuronal Activation in the Vestibular and Autonomic Nuclei.
复制标题
大鼠晕动病的性别和年龄差异：与血液激素反应以及前庭和自主神经核神经元激活的相关性
DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2017.00029
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Cai Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou W;Wang J;Pan L;Qi R;Liu P;Liu J;Cai Y
许多研究已经证明了晕动病的性别和年龄差异，但潜在的生理基础仍然存在争议。在本研究中，我们试图研究运动病大鼠的内分泌和/或神经元活动与性别和年龄差异的潜在相关性。用条件张口法评价licl诱导的恶心症状。通过测量自主神经反应（即条条性张口和排便反应）、运动障碍（即活动障碍和平衡障碍）来评估晕动病，并观察血液激素水平和中枢Fos蛋白表达。我们发现，与青少年（1个月和2个月大）和年轻人（4个月和/或5个月大）相比，中年动物（13和14个月大）旋转引起的条件张口、排便反应和运动障碍明显减弱。licl诱导的条件间隙也随着年龄的增长而减少，但不如旋转诱导的明显。女性在青少年和/或青年时期排便和自发运动活动表现出更大的反应。与静态对照相比，旋转后4月龄雄性血清促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质酮显著增加。旋转对去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、β-内啡肽和精氨酸-抗利尿激素水平无显著影响。与青少年（1月龄）和青壮年（4月龄）相比，中年动物（13月龄）在脊髓前庭核、臂旁核（PBN）、杏仁核中央和内侧核（CeA和MeA）以及孤束核（NTS）中也有更多的旋转诱导的fos标记神经元。在4和/或13月龄时，在PBN、NTS、蓝斑和室旁下丘脑核中观察到旋转诱导的fos标记的性别差异。这些结果表明，晕动病的性别和年龄差异可能与应激激素反应和习惯无关。晕车易感性的年龄依赖性下降可能主要归因于晕车时参与体内平衡调节的前庭-自主神经通路的神经元活动变化。
Many studies have demonstrated sex and age differences in motion sickness, but the underlying physiological basis is still in controversy. In the present study, we tried to investigate the potential correlates of endocrine and/or neuronal activity with sex and age differences in rats with motion sickness. LiCl-induced nausea symptom was evaluated by conditioned gaping. Motion sickness was assessed by measurement of autonomic responses (i.e., conditioned gaping and defecation responses), motor impairments (i.e., hypoactivity and balance disturbance) after Ferris wheel-like rotation, and blood hormone levels and central Fos protein expression was also observed. We found that rotation-induced conditioned gaping, defecation responses and motor disorders were significantly attenuated in middle-aged animals (13- and 14-month-age) compared with adolescents (1- and 2-month-age) and young-adults (4- and/or 5-month-age). LiCl-induced conditioned gapings were also decreased with age, but was less pronounced than rotation-induced ones. Females showed greater responses in defecation and spontaneous locomotor activity during adolescents and/or young-adult period. Blood adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone significantly increased in 4-month-old males after rotation compared with static controls. No significant effect of rotation was observed in norepinephrine, epinephrine, β-endorphin and arginine-vasopressin levels. The middle-aged animals (13-month-age) also had higher number of rotation-induced Fos-labeled neurons in the spinal vestibular nucleus, the parabrachial nucleus (PBN), the central and medial nucleus of amygdala (CeA and MeA) compared with adolescents (1-month-age) and young-adults (4-month-age) and in the nucleus of solitary tract (NTS) compared with adolescents (1-month-age). Sex difference in rotation-induced Fos-labeling was observed in the PBN, the NTS, the locus ceruleus and the paraventricular hypothalamus nucleus at 4 and/or 13 months of age. These results suggested that the sex and age differences in motion sickness may not correlate with stress hormone responses and habituation. The age-dependent decline in motion sickness susceptibility might be mainly attributed to the neuronal activity changes in vestibulo-autonomic pathways contributing to homeostasis regulation during motion sickness.