Case-control studies using other diseases as controls: problems of excluding exposure-related diseases.
Case-control studies using other diseases as controls: problems of excluding exposure-related diseases.
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使用其他疾病作为对照的病例对照研究：排除与暴露相关的疾病的问题。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114868
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Harvey Checkoway
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neil Pearce;Harvey Checkoway
在病例对照研究中检查排除标准，其中包括对照组中患有其他疾病的人。从理论上讲，研究基础的样本不应排除在病例发生之前、期间或之后发生接触相关疾病的人。这一原则通常也适用于从同一研究基础产生的患有其他疾病的人群中取样作为对照的情况。特别是，如果所有其他疾病的发病率（假设完全确定）在受照射人群和未受照射人群中是相似的，那么就应该从所有其他疾病中取样，不管它们与受照射的关系如何。另一方面，如果受照射人群中其他疾病的综合发病率较高（或较低），则可能有必要排除与接触呈正（或负）相关的疾病的控制。此外，在对患有显然与暴露“无关”的特定疾病的人进行抽样控制时，应相当小心，因为与对照疾病的暴露相关的决定因素可能会引起混淆。为了消除这种混杂，有必要对研究疾病和对照疾病的危险因素进行控制。
Exclusion criteria are examined in case-control studies which include persons with other diseases in the control group. Theoretically, a sample of the study base should not exclude persons who develop exposure-related diseases before, during, or after the time period in which the case occurred. This principle also generally applies when controls are sampled from the subset of persons with other diseases generated by the same study base. In particular, if the incidence rates (assuming completeness of ascertainment) for all other disease combined are similar in the exposed and nonexposed populations, then controls should be sampled from all other diseases, regardless of their relation to exposure. On the other hand, if the composite incidence rate for other diseases is greater (or less) in the exposed population, then it may be necessary to exclude controls with diseases positively (or negatively) associated with exposure. Additionally, considerable care should be taken when sampling controls from persons with specific diseases which are apparently "unrelated" to exposure because confounding may be introduced by exposure-related determinants of the control disease(s). To remove such confounding, it is necessary to control for risk factors for both the study disease and the control disease(s).