Using Time-Varying Effect Modeling to Examine Age-Varying Gender Differences in Coping Throughout Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
Using Time-Varying Effect Modeling to Examine Age-Varying Gender Differences in Coping Throughout Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.09.027
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Ohannessian, Christine McCauley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flannery, Kaitlin M.;Vannucci, Anna;Ohannessian, Christine McCauley
目的：对于男性和女性之间的应对轨迹如何以及何时不同，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在通过时变效应模型 (TVEM) 在大型、多样化的社区样本中考察不同发育年龄阶段特定应对策略使用中的性别差异。方法：一项针对高中 4 年和毕业后 5 年青少年 (N = 1,251) 的纵向研究 (N = 1,251) 与一项针对 18 至 22 岁青少年 (N = 595) 的全国代表性横断面研究 (N = 595) 相结合，以考察应对策略使用中性别差异的变化年龄在 13 岁至 25 岁之间。对两个样本进行了相同的应对问卷调查。 TVEM用于检查男性和女性不同年龄阶段的应对患病率。结果：青春期中后期（15-19岁）在积极应对、寻求社会支持、计划和情绪宣泄方面的性别差异最大。据报告，女性比男性更多地使用这些策略，但男性的使用率随着时间的推移而增加，并在 19-20 岁左右与女性持平。幽默使用的性别差异直到22岁才显现出来，此时男性幽默使用持续增加，但女性幽默使用保持稳定。否认的使用在不同时间段内相当稳定，在任何年龄段都没有性别差异。结论：研究结果强调了 TVEM 在提高我们对性别和跨发育时期应对的知识方面的效用，因为男性和女性在整个青春期和成年初期以不同的比率使用应对策略。讨论了调整针对性别和年龄的干预措施以改善应对和相关健康行为的影响。 (c) 2017 年青少年健康与医学协会。
Purpose: Little is known about how and when coping trajectories differ between males and females. The current study aimed to examine gender differences in the use of specific coping strategies across developmental ages using time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) in a large, diverse community sample.Methods: A longitudinal study following adolescents across 4 years of high school and 5 years post graduation (N = 1,251) was combined with a nationally representative cross-sectional study of 18-to 22-year-olds (N = 595) to examine changes in gender differences in the use of coping strategies between ages 13 and 25. The same coping questionnaire was administered to both samples. TVEM was used to examine the age-varying prevalence rates of coping in males and females.Results: Gender differenceswere greatest during middle-to-late adolescence (15-19 years) for active coping, social support seeking, planning, and venting emotions. Females reported greater use of these strategies than males, but males' use increased over time and became equivalent to females after the age of similar to 19-20. Gender differences in the use of humor did not emerge until the age of 22, at which point the use of humor increased continuously among males but remained stable among females. The use of denial was fairly stable across time, with no gender differences at any age.Conclusions: Findings highlight the utility of TVEM for advancing our knowledge on gender and coping across developmental time, as males and females used coping strategies at differing rates throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood. Implications for tailoring gender-and age-specific intervention efforts to improve coping and related health behaviors are discussed. (c) 2017 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine.