Effects of prenatal exposure to cocaine on conditional discrimination learning in adult rats.
Effects of prenatal exposure to cocaine on conditional discrimination learning in adult rats.
复制标题
产前接触可卡因对成年大鼠条件辨别学习的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0735-7044.106.5.837
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Spear,LP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heyser,CJ;Spear,NE;Spear,LP
妊娠期接触可卡因的成年雄性大鼠和对照后代接受仪器条件反射任务的训练，以评估基于嗅觉线索的食欲条件辨别的获得和逆转。后代来自在妊娠第 8-20 天每天接受皮下注射 40 mg/kg/3 cc 盐酸可卡因 (C40) 的 Sprague-Dawley 水坝、注射盐水的配对喂养 (PF) 水坝、接受盐水注射的营养对照水坝 (NC) 和未处理的对照水坝 (LC)。在整个训练阶段，产前治疗组在获得杠压反应或反应率方面没有差异。所有产前治疗组都需要大约相同数量的疗程来达到初始气味辨别的标准。相比之下，与其他治疗组（PF、NC 和 LC）的动物相比，成年 C40 后代需要更多的疗程才能逆转条件歧视。此外，即使在获得逆转辨别力的标准表现下，C40 动物在前 10 次反应中也表现出较低的准确性，并且在第一次奖励之前犯下的错误明显更多。与之前的结果相结合，这些发现表明，妊娠期接触可卡因会导致调节任务表现的长期改变，这种改变在生命早期就很明显，并持续到成年。
Adult male rats that were gestationally exposed to cocaine and control offspring were trained on an instrumental conditioning task for assessment of the acquisition and reversal of an appetitive conditional discrimination based on olfactory cues. Offspring were derived from Sprague-Dawley dams that had received subcutaneous injections of 40 mg/kg/3 cc cocaine hydrochloride (C40) daily on Gestational Days 8–20, pair-fed (PF) dams that were injected with saline, nutritional control dams (NC) that had received saline injections, and nontreated control dams (LC). There were no differences among the prenatal treatment groups in acquisition of the barpress response or response rate throughout all phases of training. All prenatal treatment groups required approximately the same number of sessions to criterion on the initial odor discrimination. In contrast, adult C40 offspring required more sessions to acquire the reversal of the conditional discrimination than did animals from the other treatment groups (PF, NC, and LC). In addition, even at criterion performance for acquisition of the reversal discrimination, C40 animals exhibited lower accuracy on the first 10 responses and made significantly more errors before the first reward. Taken together with previous results, these findings suggest that gestational exposure to cocaine results in long-lasting alterations in performance on conditioning tasks that are evident early in life and that persist into adulthood.