Importance Weighting in Subjective Well-Being Measures: Using Marginal Utilities as Weights for Domain Satisfaction
Importance Weighting in Subjective Well-Being Measures: Using Marginal Utilities as Weights for Domain Satisfaction
复制标题
主观幸福感测量中的重要性加权：使用边际效用作为领域满意度的权重
DOI：
10.1007/s10902-023-00636-4
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Managi Shunsuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kitsuki Akinori;Managi Shunsuke
感知重要性是否可以作为领域满意度聚合的权重因子，是多维领域主观幸福感（SWB）测量文献中的一个重要问题。本文扩展了Benjamin等人（Am Econ Rev 104：2698-2735，2014）提出的加权方法，并将其用于加权领域满意度。通过这种方法估计的权重可以被解释为边际效用，并且每个个体的领域满意度的加权平均值可以被解释为个体的效用。使用2015年对日本所有县的居民进行的调查收集的数据集，我们表明，与领域满意度的未加权平均值相比，这种加权平均值提高了整体SWB指标的拟合度。这一发现支持将感知重要性的措施，SWB措施。此外，我们还发现，虽然在某些与特定亚群不太相关的领域（如65岁以上的人的工作或独居者与家庭的关系）中，感知重要性存在差异，但大多数领域的相对重要性在性别、家庭收入、年龄和家庭组成的不同类别中是相似的。允许在这些人口统计群体的重要性权重的异质性提供了域的重要性的有效性，只有微不足道的改进。本文提出的方法可以被认为是一种面向居民的方法，因为权重是从居民本身的重要性来的，因此预计将有助于面向居民的政策制定。
Whether perceived importance can be used as a weighting factor for the aggregation of domain satisfaction is an important issue in the literature on subjective well-being (SWB) measures with multidimensional domains. This paper extends the weighting approach proposed by Benjamin et al. (Am Econ Rev 104:2698–2735, 2014) and uses it to weight domain satisfaction. The weights estimated by this approach can be interpreted as marginal utility, and the weighted average of the domain satisfaction of each individual can be interpreted as the individual’s utility. Using a data set collected from a 2015 survey that we conducted with residents of all Japanese prefectures, we show that this weighted average improves the goodness of fit for overall SWB measures compared with the unweighted averages of domain satisfaction. This finding supports incorporating perceived importance measures into SWB measures. Moreover, we show that, although there are differences in perceived importance among some domains that are less relevant to specific sub-populations, such as work for people above 65 years or relations with family for those who live alone, the relative importance of most domains is similar across the different categories of gender, household income, age, and household composition. Allowing for heterogeneity in the importance weights across these demographic groups provides only negligible improvements to the validity of the domain importance. The approach suggested in this paper can be considered a resident-oriented approach in the sense that the weights are derived from the perceived importance of residents themselves and are thus expected to contribute to resident-oriented policymaking.