Neurogenesis, control, and functional significance of gasping.
Neurogenesis, control, and functional significance of gasping.
复制标题
喘气的神经发生、控制和功能意义。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1990.68.4.1305
复制
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
StJohn,WM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
StJohn,WM
喘息往往是生命的第一次和最后一次呼吸。喘息是由内在的延髓机制产生的，与其他自动呼吸模式有着根本的不同。延髓外侧被盖区对喘息的神经发生至关重要，但对正常呼吸没有作用。不同脑干区域的神经元机制可能是导致不同类型神经元发生的原因。这一假设得到了独立的呼吸节律的记录，同时从孤立的脑干段。来自胎儿和新生动物的数据也支持由不同机制产生的喘息和正常呼吸。喘息可以代表简单但坚固的模式发生器的输出，该模式发生器用作备用系统，直到开发出用于正常呼吸的控制系统。起搏器元件被假设为喘息时吸气活动开始的基础。在不同的脑干区域中，类似的元件可能负责正常呼吸吸气的开始，其中涉及脑桥、髓质和脊髓的神经回路用于形成传出的经调制的神经放电。
Gasps are frequently the first and last breaths of life. Gasping, which is generated by intrinsic medullary mechanisms, differs fundamentally from other automatic ventilatory patterns. A region of the lateral tegmental field of the medulla is critical for the neurogenesis of the gasp but has no role in eupnea. Neuronal mechanisms in separate brain stem regions may be responsible for the neurogenesis of different ventilatory patterns. This hypothesis is supported by the recording of independent respiratory rhythms simultaneously from isolated brain stem segments. Data from fetal and neonatal animals also support gasping and eupnea being generated by separate mechanisms. Gasping may represent the output of a simple but rugged pattern generator that functions as a backup system until the control system for eupnea is developed. Pacemaker elements are hypothesized as underlying the onset of inspiratory activity in gasping. Similar elements, in a different brain stem region, may be responsible for the onset of the eupneic inspiration with neural circuits involving the pons, the medulla, and the spinal cord serving to shape efferent respiratory-modulated neural discharges.