Age and sex differences in strategies of coping and defense across the life span
Age and sex differences in strategies of coping and defense across the life span
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.11.1.127
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
LabouvieVief, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diehl, M;Coyle, N;LabouvieVief, G
年龄和性别的差异，在使用的应对和防御策略进行了检查，在381个人的寿命样本。参与者回应2自我报告措施评估应对和防御机制和措施评估他们的认知复杂性水平。老年人使用的应对和防御策略相结合，表明更大的冲动控制和倾向于积极评价冲突的情况。青少年和年轻人使用的策略是外在的攻击性和心理上的无差别，表明较低水平的冲动控制和自我意识。女性比男性使用更多的内化防御，并使用灵活整合冲突情况的内部和人际方面的应对策略。两者合计，研究结果提供了证据的年龄和性别特定的使用策略的应对和防御，这表明，男性和女性可能面临不同的发展任务的过程中走向成熟的成年。
Age and sex differences in the use of coping and defense strategies were examined in a life-span sample of 381 individuals. Participants responded to 2 self-report measures assessing mechanisms of coping and defense and measures assessing their level of cognitive complexity. Older adults used a combination of coping and defense strategies indicative of greater impulse control and the tendency to positively appraise conflict situations. Adolescents and younger adults used strategies that were outwardly aggressive and psychologically undifferentiated, indicating lower levels of impulse control and self-awareness. Women used more internalizing defenses than men and used coping strategies that flexibly integrated intra- and interpersonal aspects of conflict situations. Taken together, findings provide evidence for the age- and sex-specific use of strategies of coping and defense, suggesting that men and women may face different developmental tasks in the process toward maturity in adulthood.